Unit 4 - The palates

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Alveolar arch

Behind the top teeth
Hard palate

made up of palatine process of maxilla and palatine process of palatal bone
Soft palate (velum)

Palatal aponeurosis
Rugae

transverse ridges posterior to alveolar arch
Palatal vault

configuration varies (some high, narrow, wide, flat etc)
Levator veli palatine
- Origin: petrous portion of the temporal bone and medial wall of Eustachian tube
- Insertion: palatal aponeurosis
- Action: elevates and retracts the velum
Tensor veli palatine
- Origin: medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid and side walls of Eustachian tube
- Insertion: palatal aponeurosis
- Action: opens the Eustachian tube and stiffens palate
Musculus uvula
- Origin: posterior nasal spine of palatal bone
- Insertion: palatal aponeurosis
- Action: shortens the palate
Palatoglossus
- Origin can pull insertion and vice versa
- Forms the posterior faucial pillar
- Origin: palatal aponeurosis
- Insertion: pharyngeal aponeurosis as far down as the area of the thyroid cartilage
- Action: muscles narrows the pharynx and lower the soft palate