-
Trapezius
- O: upper(ascending part): occipital bone, nuchal ligament, and T1 to T3 midline
- Lower (descending part): T4 to T12
- I: Upper part: udder edge of the spine of scapula, acromion and lateral 3rd of clavicle
- Lower part: lower edge of medial part of spine of scapula
- A: Upper: retraction
- Lower: Elevation
- INN: Cranial nerve 11
-
Latissimus dorsi
- O: spinous process of T7 to sacrum and posterior illio crest; lower 4 ribs; and occasionally tip of scapula
- I: posterior(medial) edge of bicipital groove
- A;adduction, extension and medial rotation of humerous; raises body towards arms during climbing
- INN: thoracodorsal nerve
-
Levator scapulae
- O: posterior tubrcles of first 4 cervicle vertebrae
- I: upper medial corner of scapula
- A: elevation and tilts glenoid cavity infereiorly
- INN: dorsal scapular nerve
-
Rhomboid minor
- O: C4 spinous process of 4th cervical to T5 spinous process
- I:along the medial border of scapula
- A: retraction and tilts glenoid cavity infereiorly
- INN: dorsal scapular nerve
-
Rhomboid major
- O: C4 spinous process of 4th cervical to T5 spinous process
- I:along the medial border of scapula
- A: retraction and tilts glenoid cavity infereiorly
- INN: dorsal scapular nerve
-
Serratus anterior
- O: side of front of first 8 ribs
- I: Medial border of scapula
- A: protraction
- INN: long thoracic nerve
-
Supraspinatus
- O: supraspinous fossa
- I: greater tubercle (superior aspect)
- A: Initiates abduction of humerous
- INN: suprascapular nerve
-
Infraspinatus
- O: upper part of the infraspinous fossa
- I: back of the greater tubercle; above teres minor
- A: external(lateral) rotation of humerous
- INN: suprascapular nerve
-
Teres minor
- O: lower part of inraspinous fossa
- I: back of greater tubercle; below infraspinatus
- A: external (lateral) rotation
- INN: axillary nerve
-
Teres major
- O: lower border of scapula
- I: medial (posterior) crest of bicipital groove
- A: adduction and medial ( internal) rotation of arm
- INN: lower subscapular nerve
-
Subscapularis
- O: subscapular fossa
- I: lesser tubercle
- A: alone: internal (medial) rotation and adduction of arm
- Together with 3 short muscles: holding the humerous head and glenoid fossa together
- INN: upper and lower subscapular nerve
-
Deltoid muscle
- O: spine of scapula; acromion; lateral 3rd of clavicle
- I: deltoid tuberosity
- A: anterior part: flexion
- posterior part: extension
- Lateral part: abduction
- INN: axillary nerve
-
Biceps brachii
- O: long head: supraglenoid tubercle
- short head: coracoid process
- I: tuberosity of radius
- A: flexion of elbow; supination of forearm; short head resists dislocation of shoulder
- INN: musculocutaneous nerve
-
Coracobrachialis
- O: coracoid process
- I: medial surface of humerous
- A: flexion and adduction of shoulder joint
- INN: musculocutaneous nerve
-
pectoralis minor
- O: 3rd to 5th rib
- I: soracoid process
- A:depression
- INN: medial pectoral nerve
-
Pectoralis major
- O: medial 3rd of clavicle; front of sternum; front of first 6 costal cartilages
- I:anterior edge (lateral lip) of bicipital groove
- A: adduction and internal rotation (medial) rotation of humerous, flexion
- INN: lateral (lower part) and medial pectoral(upper part) nerve
-
Triceps brachii
- O: long head: infraglenoid tubercle
- lateral head: posterior surfave
- Medial Head: posterior surface
- I: olecranon of ulna
- A: extension of forarm; long head resists dislocation of shoulder joint
- INN: radial nerve
-
Gemellus superior
- O: ischial spine;
- I: medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
- A:lateral rotation of extended thigh; abduction of flexed thigh; keep femoral head in acetablum
- INN: Nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1)
-
Gemellus inferior
- O: ischial tuberosity
- I: medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
- A:lateral rotation of extended thigh; abduction of flexed thigh; keep femoral head in acetablum
- INN: Nerve to quadratis Femoris (L5,S1)
-
Piriformis
- O: anterior surface of sacrum and sacrotubrous ligament
- I: superior border of greater trochanter of femur
- A:lateral rotation of extended thigh; abduction of flexed thigh; keep femoral head in acetablum
- INN: branches of ventral rami of S1 & S2
-
Obturator Internus
- O: pelvis surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones
- I: medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
- A:lateral rotation of extended thigh; abduction of flexed thigh; keep femoral head in acetablum
- INN: nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1)
-
Obturator Externus
- O: Outer surface of obturator membrane and outer surface of the bony margin of the obturator foramen
- I: trochanteric fossa of femur
- A: laterally rotate thigh; steadies head of femur in acetabulum
-
Quadratus femoris
- O:lateral border of the ishial tuberosity
- I: quadrate tubercle and the area below it
- A: laterally rotate thigh (strong)
- INN: nerve to quadratus femoris(L5&S1)
-
Semimembranosus
- O: Ishial Tuberosity
- I:posterior part of medial condyle of tibia
- A: extend the thigh and flex the leg; medially rotate the leg
- INN:tibial division od sciatic nerve
-
Semitendinosus
- O: Ishial Tuberosity
- I: Medial part of superior part of tibia
- A: extend the thigh and flex the leg; medially rotate the leg
- INN:tibial division od sciatic nerve
-
Biceps Femoris long head
- O: ishial tuberosity
- I:lateral side of head of fibula
- A: extend the thigh and flex the leg; rotates leg laterally
- INN: tibial division of sciatic nerve
-
Biceps femoris short head
- O: linea aspera
- I:lateral side of head of fibula
- A: extend the thigh and flex the leg; rotates leg laterally
- INN: fibular division of sciatic nerve
-
Gluteus maximus
- O: back of illium; dorsal surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
- I: illiotubial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur
- A: extends thigh and assists lateral rotation
- INN:inferior gluteal nerve
-
Gluteus minimus
- O: external surface of illium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines
- I: anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
- A: abducts and medially rotates thigh; keeps pelvis level when opposite leg is raised
- INN: superior gluteal nerve (L5&S1)
-
Gluteus Medius
- O: external surface of illium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
- I: lateral surface of greater trocanter of femur
- A: abducts and medially rotates thigh; keeps pelvis level when opposite leg is raised
- INN: superior gluteal nerve (L5&S1)
-
Tensor of Fascia Lata
- O: illiac crest
- I: illiotibial tract
- A: abducts, medial rotates and flexes thighs; helps keep knee extended; seadies trunk on thigh
- INN: superior gluteal nerve (L2,L3)
-
Iliopsoas
- O: illiacus: illiac crest, illiac fossa
- Psoas Major: side of T12-L5 vertebrae and transverse process of all lumbar vertebrae
- I: lesser trochanter of femur
- A: flex thigh; stabilize hip joint
- INN: illiacus: femoral nerve
- Psoas major: ventral rami (L1,L2, & L3)
-
Rectus femoris
- O: AIIS and Ilium superior to acetabulum
- I: base of patella and by patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
- A:extends the knee; assists iliopsoas to flexes the hip joit; steadies hip joint
- INN: femoral nerve
-
Sartorius
- O: ASIS and upper half of notch below spine
- I: superior part of the medial surface of the tibia
- A: flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of the thigh at hip joint; flexion of leg at knee joint
- INN: femoral nerve
-
Adductor Magnus
- O: Adductor: inferior ramus of pubus, rami of ishium
- hamstring: ischial tuberosity
- I: adductor: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
- hamstring: adductor tubercle of femur
- A: adductor: adducts thighs
- Hamstring: extends thigh
- INN: adductor: posterior division of obturator nerve
- Hamstring: tibial part of sciatic nerve
-
Adductor Longus
- O: body of pubis inferior to pubic crest
- I:middle third of linea aspera (just above adductor hiatus)
- A: adducts and flexes the thigh
- INN: anterior division of obturator nerve
-
Adductor Brevis
- O: body of inferior ramus of pubus
- I: pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur
- A: adducts thigh and to some extent flexes it
-
Pectineus
- O: supeior pubic ramus
- I: pectineal line of femur
- A: adducts thigh; assists with medial rotation of thigh
- INN: femoral nerve usually ; may recieve a branch from obturator nerve
-
Gracilis
- O: body and inferior ramus of pubus
- I: superior part of medial surface of tibia
- A:adducts thigh, flexes leg; helps rotate it medially
- INN: Obturator nerve
-
Lateral Rotators (Thigh)
- Piriformis
- Supeior gemellus
- Obturator internus
- obturator externus
- inferior gemellus
- quadratus femoris
-
the flexors (thigh)
- Illiacus
- Psoas major
- rectus femoris
- sartorius
-
the extensors (Thigh)
- Gluteal maximus
- biceps femoris
- semimembronosus
- semitensinosus
-
the adductors (thigh)
- adductor brevis
- adductor magnus
- adductor longus
- pectineus
- gracili
-
the abductors (thigh)
- gluteal minimus
- gluteal medius
- tensor facia lata
-
roator cuff
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- teres minor
- subscapularis
|
|
