Theatre History Final

• Louis the 13ths cheif minister
• took over when Louis' dad Henry IV died
• strove to centralize the power of the monarchy by crushing the claims of the landed nobility and expanding French rule in a series of costly wars. (lessened the power of the nobility so that the Crown would have more power)

• the palace built by Louis the XIV; HUGE palace and cost a TON.
• eventually Louis required the nobility to attend him at Versailles so that he could keep an eye on them and their activites (there was a lot of political unrest)

• built the palace of Versailles
• had to deal with the worst problem of 17th century Europe; relgious dessent
• the SUN KING; built up an image whose absolute authority seemed almost a force of nature, not a fact of politics
• throughout his reign he had to contend with factions who refused to accept completely his characterization of the king's power

• James: 1603-1625
• Charles: 1625-1649
• worked to limit the power of Parliament and to enforce increasingly strict religious laws that suppressed the Protestant Puritan sects and demanded conformity with the Church of England. Parliament passed legislation limiting the powers of the throne and Civil War between Parlimentary and Royalist forces erupted.

the period beginning with the reign of Charles the II and extending to the end of the 17th century

• 1660-1685
• son of king charles the I- protestant
• start of the restoration
• his reign led to a power split between the Crown and Parliament
• his son was James II- Catholic
• Know about the english civil war from the theatre perspective

• •   711 (middle ages); took over a lot of Spain
• •   Muslim & Arab invaders from North Africa who occupied Spain
• •   Joined forces with Catholics to expel Jews from the country
• •   The Conquest of Granada in 1492 finally drove out the Moors

• Was the King of Spain
• ExpandedSpanish territory to include many New World colonies, the Netherlands & theHoly Roman Empire of central Europe

during his time, the Spanish court was unrivaled in Europe. He wrote Don Quixote

• Playwright; the most important playwright in Spain. Wrote “love and honor” plays
• Most important play he wrote is “Life is a Dream” in 1636.

• A massive naval invasion of England led by Phillip the II which was surprisingly defeated
• They were fighting over land that Spain was trying to remain in control over (The Netherlands)

An academy founded by Cardinal Richelieu in 1635 to resolve the critical debate surrounding Corneille’s play “The Cid” and to regularize the French language

the official national theater of France, devoted to the staging of the classics. Founded and chartered by Louis the XIV in 1680, when Moliere’s company and the Marais company were united

theatre built by Richelieu in 1640

Theater built in 1642; modeled on Hotel de Bourgogne

• The only permanent theater building in Europe around the time of 1545
• Served as a model for other theatres built in the 17th century

Influence coming from Italy; the development of perspective and 3D art when making their backdrops

Stageis at an angle

The use of staggered wings and backdrop to create the effect of perspective

Licenses given by the crown permitting a company to give dramatic performances; often, a patent would give a company or a small number of companies a monopoly on dramatic performance

Theatres given patents by the crown for dramatic performance, sometimes holding a monopoly on a performance. Charles the II of England granted two patents and gave their owners a monopoly on dramatic performance.

• The section of the stage that extends toward the auditorium beyond the proscenium
• the aprons had to be large because they had to be in front of the scenery to make the perspective, 3D scenery look good

conventional or stock “character” type that is the specialty of a given actor; his or her“line of business” might be old men, heavy villains, comic heroines, etc.

common practice in the 18th century theatre of delivering a famous speech directly to the audience from a downstage position; to “make a point”.

famous female actress of the 18th century; English theatre introduced actresses on stage. They still had a bad rep for “sexual licentiousness” but at least they were on stage