POLS 1100 - FINAL - TERMS

Monday, March 4th, 1861
Delivered by President Lincoln
Part of taking 'oath of office'
Primarily addressed to people in the South.
1. Slavery
2. Legal Status of the South
3. Use of force 
4. Seccession
5. Protection of Slavery
6. Slavery in territories 
7. The Postal Services

September 22, 1862 - first part
January 1, 1863 - second part
all slaves would be permantly freed in all areas of teh confederacy that had not already returned to federal control by January 1863. 

Thursday, November 19, 1863
Speech by President Lincoln & one of the best-known speeches in US history.
Involved principles of human equality espoused by the Declaration of Independence & redefined the Civil War as a struggle not merely for the Union, but as "a new bith of freedom."

March 4, 1865
Lincoln spoke of sadness
Some see this as a defense of his pragmatic approach to reconstruction.

Most residents living in the four slave
Maryland
Delaware
Kentucky 
Missouri

Copperhead people were called this
Named for the color of the Conferderate uniforms
Pro Southerners & very pro States Rights
Opposed slavery & did not own slaves
Most opposed to Federal government freesing slaves

Against Lincoln freeing slaves (mostly anti-war democrates living in the north)

New flag; Stars & Bars
Adopted & raised over Montgomery, Alambama 

Formally protect slavery in those states which had already been approved by both House of the US Congress

Superseded the Dred Scott Supreme Court decisions 

In effort to maintain the balance between free & slave states

Established the territories of Kansas & Nebraska

Agreed upon admitting California as a free state, allowing Utah & New Mexico territories to decided the slave issue by Popular Sovereignty

Appears for the first time in a magazine article by John l. O'Sullivan.
Expresses belief held by many Americans that the US is destined to expand across the continent.

Trial jury, usually of six to twelve citizens, that decides the facts in a civil or criminal case. 

Process by which judges & lawyers select petit jury form a panel of citizens eligible to serve. 

Must recieve  _______ of electoral votes (270) to win presidency.

Recieving largest percentage in votes

Doctrine that states can declare act on federal government to be null & void; also known as interposition.

Supermacy of the federal government over the states.

Trying a defendant more than once for same offense. 

Defamtion using spoken words

Defamtion using written words

Incumbents who have not been reelected to office. 

Reallocation of legislavtive seats based on changes in population. 

The governments power to take private property for public use.

Formal acts of freeing from slavery

Legal term to censorship in the US referring to government actions that prevent communications. 

American law of criminal procedure, allows law enforement to enter structure without warrant. 

Defendant's or lawyer's objection to a proposed juror, made without needing to give a reason.

Denoting or relating to the duty of the police to inform a person taking into custoy of their right ot legal counsel. 

Laws in the US after the Civil War with the effect of limiting the civil rights & civil liberties of blacks. 

Revolution of 1800

42 federalist justices of the peace President John Adams appointed immediately before his administration ended & Thomas Jefferson's began. 

Territory sold by France to the US in 1803, comprising the western part of the Mississippi Valley.

Withdrawal of 11 southern states from the US union in 1860, leading to the Civil War. 

Southern troops fired on the fort on April 12, starting Civil War. 

Reaction in the South, particularly in South Carolina, would lead to  __________ that began in 1832.

Document stated that if the tariff was not repealed, South Carolina would secede. 
First introudced by Jefferson & Madison.

Tax of foreign goods to protect our Northen indrustries which were being driven out of business by low-priced imports. 

British fleet withdrew to just beyound the range of ________. Cannons & continued to bombard the American redoubts for the next 25 hours. 

Stated that fighting between US & Britain would cease, all conquered territory was to be returned to the prewar claimant. 

Where merchants preferred the _______ to the halting of overseas commerce. 

Jackson's army cut through the forest to within six miles of Red Sticks camp near a bend in the Tallapoosa River. 

Key composed words
Became extremely popular, & in 1931, Congress made it the National Anthem. 

Could only vote for president, each elector could vote for two canidates, & the vice president was the person who recieved the second largest numbers of the votes during elections. 

House of Reprsentatives controlled ___________.

Felt Adam's foreign policy was too favorable towards Britain.

Ordered Secretary of State, Madison, to turn over commissions. 
Court odering directing a public official to preform his or her public duties. 

July 7, 1798
The date Congress recinded treaties with France, can be considered a semi-offical beginning of _________. 

Process of charging government officals with serious misconduct in office that can lead to their removal. 
Process of calling the credibility of a witness into quesiton. 

A large jury, normally of twenty-three citizens, that deteremines if there is enough evidence to charge a defendant with a crime. 

US policy, originated by President James Monroe in 1823, that any intervention by external powers in the politics. 

Event spanning from December 15, 1814 - Jan 4, 1815 in the US during the war of 1812.

An incident in France-American relations in which bribery attempted perpetrated by French agents in 1797.

Ballot propostions & constitutional amendment. 

A person who favors the abolition of a practice or institution, esp. capital punishment or slavery. 

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free excerise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the righ tof the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. 

A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. 

No solider shall, in time of peace be quatered in any house, without consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.

The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable seraches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable causes, supported by Oath of affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the person or things should be seized.

No persons shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb, nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be witness against himself, nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. 

In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, bu an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusations, to be confronted witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defense. 

In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law. 

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusal punishment inflicted. 

The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. 

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. 

The Judicial power to the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State. 

The electors shall meet in their respective states & vote by ballot for President & Vice President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President...

Section one: Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. 

Section two: Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Section one: All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the States wherein they reside.  No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any life, liberty, or property, wihtout due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws

Section one: The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. 

Section two: The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration. 

The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator, shall have one vote.  The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures. 

Section one: After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxication liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited. 

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any Sate on account of sex.  

Section one: The terms of the President and the Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon the 3rd day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin 

Section one: The eighteenth article of amendments to the Constitution of the United States is hereby repealed

Section one: No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice, and no person who has held the office of President, or acted as President, for more than two years of a term to which some other person was elected President shall be elected to the office of President more than once. 

Section one: The District constituting the seat of Government of the United States shall appoint in such manner as Congress may direct: A number of electors of President & Vice President equal to the whole number of Senators & Representatives in Congress to which the District would be entitled if it were a State...

Section one: The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice president, for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or Representatives in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State by reason of failure to pay any poll tax or other tax.

Section one: In case of removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President.

Section one: The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen year of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age.

No law varying the compensation for the services of the Senators & Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened.