Sign Language 1

• deaf scientifc illustrator
• attended Gallaudet
• deat @ age 14
• learned german, french, spanish, portuguese, italian, and some latin
• orchid painting permantly on view @smithsonian
• recieved honarary doctorated from Gallaudet
• only deaf artist to have a solo exhibition at smithsonian

• shoulder tap
• waving
• using an intermediary

1600's martha's vineyard had high # of deaf people, signing formed, and a major influence from french sign language

• it isnt a visual code for english
• isnt a language of pictures and pantomime
• isnt a universal language understood by all signers

• from sanfrancisco
• 1st californian sculptor to attain recognitiong and fame outside of U.S
• deaf at 4yrs old from scarlet fever
• deaf school at 5yrs old
• chopping was his mentor
• VP of internation deaf congress at 1st convention in Paris
• helped organize CA Assoc. of deaf
• activist against suppresion of sign language for educating deaf children
• died of heart failure
• called the michelangelo of the American West
• one of his most famous sculptors The Bear Hunt is on california school for the deaf campus
• remembered in the art world as a standard bearer for the spirit of the American West

• walk through
• use touch
• ask person to move

• 25 million who are deaf or have hearing loss, 10% use sign as primary language
• ADA: views deaf as disabled linguistic minority
• syntax of sign is different
• DPN: 1988 never had a president been deaf
• NAD
• AAAD: American athletic association of the deaf: have world games
• Ways to show respect- willingness to learn, adopt and accept, deaf are not disabled

• 1. Build a language community
• 2. minimize reliance on english as you listen or converse in ASL
• 3. Focus on meaning rather than individual signs
• 4. Focus on signer's face, not on hands for two reasons; alot of grammar is in facial expressions and its considered rude to look away from face
• 5. show you understand the signer

• first of 3 black deaf students enrolled at gallaudet
• established 1st school for the deaf in Accur, Africa
• established 31 schools for deaf in 13 countries
• communication is key to education

• signing
• gestures
• writing or typing
• third person
• lipreading & speech
• overall all goal is to communicate

• in washington d.c
• established in 1864 by Lincoln
• President of Univ. signs diploma
• thomas gallaudet

• open space is ideal
• good lighting
• mirrors strategically placed to make obstructed parts of rooms visible and to see who's approaching
• video phones and computers integrated everywhere possible
• alterting systems to signal doorbell or the phone ringing or baby crying

• fought to have deaf childen learn through ASL
• Went to ASD in Hartford Conn.
• ASL teacher at Harvard and MIT
• early advocate for ASL as a recognized language, 1980's and raised awareness on a national and international level
• broke new gound in bilingual bicultural education using ASL to teach children written English

• in hartford conneticut
• nation's first deaf school
• founded by laurent Clec and Thomas Gallaudet

• motivating force in recognition of ASL poetry as a genre of literature in its own right
• best know works include dandelion, snowflake, and lone sturdy tree
• taught at gallaudet
• pioneer in researching and raising awareness of ASL poetry

25 million

10%

• people w/ a hearing loss who use ASL as primary lang.
• hearing people who are fluent in ASL

• Medical Vies: deafness is a disability that needs to be corrected. Focus is on the inability to hear. held by Audiologists, speech paths, and physicians, and special educators
• Cultural View: deaf people see themselves as a lingusitic and cultural minority with their own distinct language, arts, schools, and social organizations

• signed by George Bush
• includes Deaf people with other disability group. but deaf people don't see themselves as deaf

• protest at Gallaudet for a Deaf president.
• they wanted to be represented by a Deaf president
• hearing board chose a hearing president who had no experience with deaf people and didn't know sign
• other 2 candidates both deaf were not chosen
• revolt shut down school for days until board chose a deaf president, Dr. I. King Jordan

• 22,000 members
• political and social

• accept view that deaf are a linguistic and cultural minority, not a group of disabled people
• respect and learn ASL

• maintain eye contact
• use paper and pencil for clear interaction
• admit when you dont understand
• use appropriate ways to get their attention
• use terms deaf or hard of hearing
• treat deaf people as individuals

• cover your face when talking
• shout
• assume deaf person can lip read
• assume the presence of a hearing aid means the can understand speech
• allow others to interrupt
• correct the deaf person's english because it is mosts 2nd language