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Describe Milgram's "obedience to authority study"
Milgram essentially wanted to if a certain personality would be more willing to comply with orders from an authority
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What is the constructive use of power? (Deutsch, 1973)
- - enhances group effectiveness
- - to benefit followers and group
- - use of power is agreed upon
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What were the results of Milgram's study?
65% obeyed till 450 olts of shock
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What is social power? What is the dark side of it?
- - capacity to influence others
- - quite common, like boss telling you to work
- - Power tends to corrupts , but not always
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Who the hell is Jerry M. Burger (2009)
- - he replicated milgram's
- -70% of sample had to be stopped from giving 150 volt shock
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(Haney,Banks, & Zimbardo, 1973) did what study?
Experiment known as the Stanford Prison Study
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Describe Prison study
- - Participants were assigned to play role as prison or police
- - however study discontinued after 6 days, as subjects were acting very weird
- - tunrs out Zimbardo scrapped the plan since it was going out of hand by his woman, without her probably wouldn't have realized
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What is superior-subordinate relations?
It is acknowledging of heirarchical positioning, as the prison study indicated
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What is the fundamental Attribution Error?
Blaming yourself when its really the larger system at fault
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What is the French and Raven's (1951) power bases theory?
It involves 6 key power bases, who are the roots of power
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What the 6 power bases?
- - Reward: control incentives ( power increases when rewards are scarce, and lowers when its not so scarce)
- - Coercive : Use of physical punishment, or threaten to
- - Legitimate: has a right to demand obedience
- - Referent: Having respect and attraction as the powerholder
- - Expert: Target beliefts, the person is extraordinary
- - Informational: Manipulate and distribute information ( fareha)
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What are the 4 power tactics
- - Direct (strong) vs indirect (weak) tactics [ using relationship]
- - Rational (logic) vs nonrational (emotional)
- - Unilateral (no cooperation on the matter) vs Bilateral ( cooperation)
- - Behaviour commitment
- 1) Foot-in-the-door-technique ( influence to make one small request, and then accept more requests afterwards)
- 2) Weber's charismatic leadership: Followers belive leader is amazing
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What is Kelman's three stage model of conversion?
This is in response to coercive influence
Compliance: group members comply with the powerholder's demands, but they do not personally agree with them
Identification: group members are motivated to please authority
Internalization: group members obey b/c they personally believe in it
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What is the Dechner Keltner (2003) Approach-inhibition model of power?
Organisms show one or two types of reactions
An approach behaviour increases power
Where a reduction in power leads to inhibition
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Whjat is the social dominance orientation (SDO)?
Vieweing people/groups in terms of relative dominance order
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What is the motivation of power?
It is the need for power
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What is the mandate phenomenon?
When leaders overstep bounds of their authority
Perpective changes among their subordinates
As they rely on power to influence others
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What is Michels iron law of loigarchy?
Essentially people who are in power, wnat to stay in power or enhance it
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What are revolutionary coalitions and reactance?
The coalition is a subgroup that goes against their current leader.
Reactance is a cognitive and emotional response to go against leaders of coercive influence.
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What is a psychopath?
Egocentric, deceitfull shallow impulsive indivudals who use and manipulate others
Lacking empathy
- Little remorse and seek thrills
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- No conscience
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What did Hare 1993 say about Psychopaths
Human predators
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