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What medication is associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome?
Valproate
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What 4 AEDs cause weight gain?
- Valproate
- Gabapentin
- Carbamazepine
- Pregabalin
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What medication is associated with difficulty word finding?
Topiramate
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What are 4 common AEs associated with almost all anti-epileptic drugs?
- Ataxia
- DIZZINESS
- Fatigue
- Diplopia
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What adverse event basically killed the advancement of felbamate?
- Aplastic anemia [usually presents in the first 6 months]
- Hepatic failure
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What is a serious life threatening AE associated with lamotrigine and valproic acid?
- Severe rash [Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis - rapid titration increases risk - more common in some Asian populations]
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
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What is the indication for ACTH (Acthar)?
Monotherapy for infantile spasms in children aged 2 or younger
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What can happen during ACTH withdrawal?
- Infection
- Cushing's Syndrome
- Adrenal Insufficiency
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What are some common side effects of ACTH?
- Fluid retention
- Altered glucose intolerance
- Elevated BP
- Behavioral and Mood changes
- Increased appetite and weight gain
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What are the indications for carbamazepine (Tegretol)?
- Partial (Simple and Complex)
- Primary and Secondary Generalized Tonic-Clonic
-
What are some side effects of carbamazepine?
- Blurred vision
- Cognitive impairment
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- Aplastic anemia
-
What drug may aggravate spike wave seizures?
Carbamazepine
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What is the main indication for ethosuxamide (Zarontin)?
Uncomplicated absence
-
What are some side effects of ethosuxamide?
- N/V
- Anorexia
- Blood dyscrasia
-
This drug for uncomplicated absence as a NARROW therapeutic spectrum. It is _____.
Ethosuxamide
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This drug that results in urinary retention and poor compliance because of TID dosing is indicated as an add-on treatment of partial seizures in patients 18 years of age and older. It is _____.
Ezogabine (Protiga)
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This broad spectrum AED has not been very successful due to its adverse event profile. It is _____.
Felbamate (Felbatol)
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The most common complaint of _____ is dizziness, and is often seen with an increase in diplopia and ataxia when added to carbamazepine.
Lacosamide (Vimpat)
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The most toxic adverse event, which is _____, of lamotrigine can often be overcome by slow dose titration.
Rash [higher incidence in children and those receiving it in combination with valproate]
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What is the serious side effect of the CYP 3A4 inducer, Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal)?
Hyponatremia
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Families and caregivers of patients receiving _____ should be counseled to monitor for the emergence of anger, aggression, hostility, unusual changes in mood, personality, or behavior.
Perampanel (Fycompa)
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This inexpensive and broad spectrum AED has long term cognitive and behavioral effects, is a strong inducer, and can precipitate spike wave seizures. It is _____.
Phenobarbital (Luminal)
-
This AED drug exhibits zero-order kinetics at high doses and may aggravate or precipitate generalized absence spike-wave seizures.
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
-
What are the non-dose-related AEs associated with phenytoin? (7)
- Hirsutism
- Coarsening of facial features
- Worsening of acne
- Gingival hyperplasia
- Osteopenia
- Neuropathy
- Folate deficiency anemia
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This AED is often associated with weight gain and worsening generalized absence spike-wave seizures. It is indicated for complex partial seizures.
Tiagabine (Gabitril)
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This drug often show weight loss in patients, which can be beneficial, but is also associated with open-angle glaucoma and increased metabolism of estrogen.
Topiramate (Topamax)
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This broad spectrum AED is associated with neural tube defects and weight gain. It is contraindicated in patients with hepatic impairment and can show Reye-like symptoms.
Valproic acid (Depakene, Depakote)
-
What is the black box warning on Vigabatrin?
Visual field constriction
-
Name 4 of the 8 broad spectrum AEDs.
- Valproate
- Felbamate
- Lamotrigine
- Topiramate
- Zonisamide
- Levetiracetam
- Rufinamide
- Vigabatrin
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