-
How energy is stored
Essential for muscle contraction
ATP
-
? Terminal bond broken down for energy
? Requires ATPase enzyme and water
? Forms ADP, free phosphate and energy
Hydrolysis
-
Immediate source of energy (10-15 seconds)
Hydrolysis of ATP (water & ATP)
-
Short term energy
- Anaerobic Glycolysis
- -without use of oxygen
- -breakdown of glucose to produce ATP
-
Associated with muscle fatigue
Accumulation dependent upon balance betweenproduction in muscle and removal by other tissues
Lactate
-
Long term energy source
- -uses oxygen
- -Breakdown of carbohydrates, fats and proteins under aerobic conditions so that large amounts of ATP can be produced
-
True or false:
Brain can metabolize only carbohydrates and lactate under aerobic conditions
True, because it can convert it to pyruvate which creates 2 ATP
-
What is an important biomarker for aerobic metabolism?
Cytochrome oxidase
-
How do you determine amount of oxygen person can utilize?
Aerobic metabolism/capacity
-
When does lactate occur?
When there isn't enough oxygen
-
Energy expenditure when you wake up in the morning
Basal metabolic rate
-
How much oxygen a person can use in a minute
- VO2 Max
- -reflects cardio fitness
-
Ratio between volume of carbon dioxide produced an oxygen consumed at tissue level
Respiratory Quotient (RQ)
-
RQ = _____ unless the person is working at a high intensity
RER (respiratory exchange ratio)
-
At high intensity exercise you burn ____
Carbs
-
True or false:
Body has to work harder to digest proteins
True
-
1 ______ = 3.5 ml 02/kg/min assumed as teh resting energy expenditure
MET (metabolic equivalent)
-
What is necessary for brain energy?
Glucose
-
True or false:
There is an inverse relationship between aerobic and anaerobic activity.
True. Low intensity is aerobic, while high intensity is anaerobic.
-
What is the optimal prescription for fat loss?
-
True or false:
You should not overload the metabolic pathway to increase its capacity for energy production
False, you MUST overload the pathway - no pain, no gain.
-
Which energy source (immediate, short or long term) increases creatine kinase
Immediate. Used as a biological marker for tissue damage
-
Which energy source (immediate, short or long term) increases capacity of heart and lungs to transport and deliver oxygen to various tissues
Long term
-
How does muscle spasticity influence energy expenditure?
- Increases the energy expenditure of routine physical tasks
- Multi-tasking can trigger more severe spasticity
- Can increase the cardiorespiratory stress of physical activity
- Results in premature fatigue
-
What can occur as a result of:
Reduced physicalactivity
Joint immobilization
Decreased capacityto produce energyunder anaerobic and aerobic conditions
muscle atrophy
|
|
