Dendro Midterm

T or F
Three or more primary veins arising at or near the base of the blade and spreading out like a fan with secondaries off of these describes pinnate

T or F
Anemochory is the term for dispersal of fruits/seeds by wind

T or F
The term for pollination by insects is anemophily

T or F
The internode is the region of the stem or twig where the leaf arises

T or F
In a flower, the outer whorl of sepals and the inner whorl of petals collectively form the perianth

T or F
The three main parts of a leaf are the blade, apex and base

T or F
A tree whose growth habit is that of repeatedly forked stems is excurrent habit.

T or F
White oak is an example of a tree with an excurrent habit.

T or F
Hickory is an example of a species with a simple fruit

T or F
Sweet gum is an example of a species that has a multiple fruit

T or F
NJ has three primary physiographic provinces

T or F
The habit of a tree with a central dominant trunk and a symmetrical, spire-like crown is called deliquesent

T or F
Tulip poplar is an example of a tree with a deliquesent habit

T or F
Most trees generally have a taproot system

T or F
Alternate leaf arangement is the most common for tree species. 

Name the seven primary levels or taxonomic ranks for classifying trees from highest (most inclusive) to lowest (least inclusive).

T or F
Hypogeal seed germination is where the cotyledons rise above the ground.

T or F
Leaves that turn light greenish-yellow before dropping in the winter are marcescent.  

T or F
A tree with either male or female flowers/cones is dioecious

T or F
A general definition of 'tolerance' is that a tolerant tree survives and grows under full sunlight with competition from inividuals of the same species

T or F
A particular combination of environmental factors or conditions that allow a species to grow, develop and successfully compete and reproduce is its habit. 

T or F
Aspect is a climatic factor of species habitat that refers to directional exposure to sunlight

T or F
In terms of classifying fruit, dehiscent and indehiscent refer to the requiremen of heat for the fruit to open and realease seeds.  

T or F
The order Magnoliales is in the subclass Magnoliidae, which is in the class Magnoliopsida, which is in the phyllum Magnoliophyta. 

T or F
An imperfect flower contains eiher male or female structures

T or F
Dicots (magnoliopsida) have 2(4) cotyledons, pinnate or palmate leaf venation, flower parts in 4's or 5's and vascular bundles forming a ring around a central pith

T or F
Magnoliophyta (angiosperms) are characterized by true flowers, true fruits, enclosing the seeds and double fertilization

T or F
Aments and panicles are two types of inflorescence

1.  Carpinus                 A. Altingiaceae
2. Tilia                         B. Betulaceae
3. Tamarix                   C. Casuarinaceae
4.  Ostrya                     D. Ericaceae
5.  Salix                       E. Fagaceae
6. Zelkova                   F. Hamamelidaceae
7. Populus                   G. Juglandaceae
8.  Carya                     H. Magnoliaceae
9. Liquidambar            I. Malvaceae
10. Lithocarpus           J. Myricaceae
11. Castanea                K. Salicaceae
12. Liriodendron          L.  Tamaricaceae
13.  Franklinia             M. Theaceae
14. Alnus                     N. Ulmaceae

Leaves alternate, pinnately compound, estipulate, often aromatic 

A. Cactaceae
B. Magnoliaceae
C. Theaceae
D. Causarinaceae
E. Myricaceae
F. Platanaceae
G. Fagaceae
H. Betulaceae
I. Juglandaceae
J. Salicaceae

Leaves are simple, alternate, yellow-black resin dots, usually aromatic, entire or toothed margins

A. Cactaceae B. Magnoliaceae C. Theaceae D. Causarinaceae E. Myricaceae F. Platanaceae G. Fagaceae H. Betulaceae I. Juglandaceae J. Salicaceae

Small trees or shrubs that fix N, leaves minute, scale-like, whorled, connate; naturalized species in US are now considered invasive
A. CactaceaeB. MagnoliaceaeC. TheaceaeD. CausarinaceaeE. MyricaceaeF. PlatanaceaeG. FagaceaeH. BetulaceaeI. JuglandaceaeJ. Salicaceae

Leaves large, 3-6 lobed, palmately veined; bark peeling, variable-colored; fruit is a mulitple of achenes
A. CactaceaeB. MagnoliaceaeC. TheaceaeD. CausarinaceaeE. MyricaceaeF. PlatanaceaeG. FagaceaeH. BetulaceaeI. JuglandaceaeJ. Salicaceae

Fruit is a 1-celled, 2-4 valved capsule with comose seeds that are wind-disperesed in late spring or early summer, and must be kept moist to avoid losing viability; rapid germination in 24-48 hours under ideal conditions. 
A. CactaceaeB. MagnoliaceaeC. TheaceaeD. CausarinaceaeE. MyricaceaeF. PlatanaceaeG. FagaceaeH. BetulaceaeI. JuglandaceaeJ. Salicaceae

Fruit-nut(s) encolsed wholly or partially by cupule. 
A. CactaceaeB. MagnoliaceaeC. TheaceaeD. CausarinaceaeE. MyricaceaeF. PlatanaceaeG. FagaceaeH. BetulaceaeI. JuglandaceaeJ. Salicaceae

Leaves reduced to spines or asent, phtotosynthesis largely by succulent stem; spines and barbed bristles arise from swollen areas
A. CactaceaeB. MagnoliaceaeC. TheaceaeD. CausarinaceaeE. MyricaceaeF. PlatanaceaeG. FagaceaeH. BetulaceaeI. JuglandaceaeJ. Salicaceae

Flowers solitary, large, perfect, entomophilous, 5 sepals, 5 petals, many stamens, pistil single; fruit is a capsule or berry

A. CactaceaeB. MagnoliaceaeC. TheaceaeD. CausarinaceaeE. MyricaceaeF. PlatanaceaeG. FagaceaeH. BetulaceaeI. JuglandaceaeJ. Salicaceae

Flowers large, entomophilous, actinomorphic, usually perfect, solitary, perianth of showy tepals in 3's, many stamens, laminar, carpels many and distinct; fruit is an aggregate
A. CactaceaeB. MagnoliaceaeC. TheaceaeD. CausarinaceaeE. MyricaceaeF. PlatanaceaeG. FagaceaeH. BetulaceaeI. JuglandaceaeJ. Salicaceae

Fruit is a nut or nutlet often subtended or enclosed by bracts. 
A. CactaceaeB. MagnoliaceaeC. TheaceaeD. CausarinaceaeE. MyricaceaeF. PlatanaceaeG. FagaceaeH. BetulaceaeI. JuglandaceaeJ. Salicaceae