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What are the 4 types of tissues?
Muscle, Connective, Nerve, Epithelial
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What are the 4 functions of the skeletal system?
Protection, Storage, Movement, Blood Cell Formation
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What are the 4 skeletal injuries?
Fracture, Sprain, Strain, Dislocation
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What are the 5 functions of skin?
Keeps water in and foreign particles out, Has nerve endings for sense of feel, Regulates body temperature, Helps get rid of wastes, Melanin helps absorb harmful UV rays
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A group of cells that work together to do a particular job-
Tissue
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An adult human has how many bones?
206
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This part of the bone makes blood cells and stores fat-
Marrow
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When babies are born, their skeletons are mostly made of this.
Cartilage
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This connective tissue holds bone to bone.
Ligaments
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This type of muscle is voluntary.
Skeletal
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Smooth muscles can be found here.
Digestive Tract
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The passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring-
Heredity
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The study of heredity-
Genetics
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A characteristic that can be passed to offspring-
Trait
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The idea that traits from both parents mix together-
Blending
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A section of a chromosome that codes for a specific trait-
Gene
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A distinctive form of a trait i.e. one letter by itself
Allele
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The trait that covers up another-
Dominant
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The trait that is coverd up by another-
Recessive
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The 2-letter combination-
Genotype
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The physical expression of a trait-
Phenotype
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A genotype where the 2 alleles are the same-
Homozygous
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A genotype where the 2 alleles are different-
Heterozygous
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An Austrian monk who became known as the Father of Genetics
Gregor Mendel
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What did Gregor Mendel use in his first studies of genetics?
Pea Plants
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What are the three ways to figure out what is dominant?
- 1.The "Mr. Flynn said to memorize" rule
- *Brown, Brown, Tall
- 2. Hybrid Rule
- 3. Having a (G) or a (g)
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What genotype would you write to represent "Homozygous dominant" for height?
TT
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What is another word for Homozygous?
Pure
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When particles are moved through a membrane from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration, the process is called
Diffusion
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Osmosis is the diffusion of this
Water
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Movement of particles will continue until this happens
Equal on both sides
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The main difference between diffusion and the transports is
Protein Doorways
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The only way to move particles from low concentration to high concentration is by this process.
Active Transport
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Moving a large particle into a cell requires this process
Endocytosis
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The byproduct of fermentation that causes burning in muscles.
Lactic Acid
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Oxygen is used to break down food molecules and release energy in a process called
Cellular Respiration
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What are the products of photosynthesis?
Glucose & Oxygen
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What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
Water & Carbon Dioxide
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What is the pigment in plants that captures light energy?
Chlorophyll
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Cellular respiration occurs in this organelle.
Mitochondria
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If oxygen is not plentiful, animal cells can produce ATP by this process
Fermentation
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The cell cycle ends when this occurs
Mitosis begins
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What cells have the longest cell cycle?
Brain
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Prokaryotic cells divide by this process
Binary Fission
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Chromosomes are made up of two of these
Chromotids
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Humans have this many homologous chromosomes
23 pair
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Chromosomes are held together by this
Centromeres
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These appear during the first phase of mitosis ("fishermen")
Centrioles
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These are the "fishing lines" that come out and attach to the centromeres and pull the chromotids apart.
Spindle Fibers
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Two identical chromotids not attached to each other are called this
Sisters
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When the plasma or cell membrane pinches inward and splits the call into two new cells-
Cytokinesis
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2 or more cells working together to do a particular job
Tissues
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2 or more tissues working together
Organs
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Anything that can live on its own
Organisms
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Allows things in and out of the cell
Cell Membrane
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Made of cellulose
Cell Wall
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Control center of cell
Nucleus
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The smallest organelle in the cell
Ribosomes
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Delivery system within the cell
ER
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The cell's power plant
Mitochondria
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Packages and ships materials out of cell
Golgi Complex
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Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic: No nucleus
Prokaryotic
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Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic: Organelles with membranes
Eukaryotic
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Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic: Bacteria
Prokayotic
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This person found the first cells by accident
Hooke
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What 3 statements make up the Cell theory?
- 1.All organisms are composed of one or more cells.
- 2.The cell is the basic unit of life in all living things.
- 3.All cells come from existing cells
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What are the 3 similarities between all cells?
- 1.All cells have cell membranes
- 2.All cells have DNA
- 3.All cells have organelles
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What 3 things are true of being multicellular?
- 1.They can get large
- 2.Their cells can specialize
- 3.The organism can live longer
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DNA is located in the _______ and contains information for making ribosomes.
Nucleus
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The nucleus stores this, the materials that make proteins.
Amino Acids
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Which organelle contains enzymes?
Lysosomes
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What is only found in plant cells?
Chloroplasts
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Who discovered that animal tissue was made of cells?
Schwann
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