-
what's the largest organ in the body?
the skin
-
what's the functions of the integumentary system?
- -regulates body temp
- -retards water loss from deeper tissue
- -houses sensory receptors
- -protective covering
-
The skin includes two distinctive layers. what are they?(top to bottom)
epidermis, dermis
-
epidermis: composed? what are the layers?
- top to bottom
- -stratum corneum
- -stratum spinosum
- -stratum basale
-
dermis: composed?
thicker and contains connective tissure that has collagenous and elastic fibers, epithelial tissue, smooth muscle tissue, nervous tissue, and blood.
-
what's underneath the dermis? composed?
- subcutaneous layer.
- masses of loose connective and adipose tissure that bind the skin to the underlying organs
-
what happens in the stratum basale? which layer and how "deep"
cells divide and grow and older epidermal cells are pushed away.
-
what are the older cells called?
keratinocytes. (when hardening, it's called keratinization)
-
what's the stratum corneum?
layers of tough, tightly packed dead cells that accumulate in the outer epidermis.
-
how are fingerprints formed?
because of the dermal papillae passing between the ridges causes the boundary between the epidermis and dermis to be uneven.
-
what's the reticular region of the dermis?
- dense irregular connective tissue
- collagenous and elastic fibres so your skin has resilience.
-
name the 4 accessory organs of the skin.
hair follicles, sebaceous glands, nails, sweat glands
-
where does the hair NOT show up?
palms, soles, lips, nipples and part of external reproductive organs.
-
what's a hair follicle?
tubelike depression where each hair develops
-
how are epidermal cells nourished?
from dermal blood
-
what's the hair bulb?
where skin cells are compressed and keratin is added.
-
where's the shaft?
the part above the epidermis
-
how does color occur?
b/c of melanin
-
what's the purpose of the sebaceous gland?
secretes an oily mixture of fatty material and cellular debris called sebum.
-
what causes goose bumps?
arrector pili muscles
-
what's the purpose of the nails?
protective covering.
-
what does each nail consist of?
a nail plate that overlies a surface of the skin called nail bed.
-
what the whitish moon-shaped part called? why's it there?
lunula. that's where most active growing occurs.
-
how does a nail grow and how long?
mitosis in the stratum germinativum. rate of 0.5-1.5 mm per week
-
skin gland consists?
tiny tube that originates as a ball-shaped coil in the deeper dermis or superficial subcutaneous layer
-
eccrine gland produce....
produces perspiration.
-
apocrine glands....
found?
axillary regions and groin and connect to hair follicles.
-
ceruminous gland....
secrete earwax
-
what's another word for skin cancer?
cutaneous carcinomas
-
what are the three types of skin cancers
?
- 1. squamous cell carcinoma
- 2. basal cell carcinoma
- 3. malignant melanoma
-
alopecia?
- sudden hair loss.
- caused by hair follicles which stop producing
- male pattern baldness
-
Acne Vulgaris
- occurs in adolescence.
- sebaceous glands become plugged with sebum, skin cells and bacteria.
- pustules form and creates secondary infections.
*treated with benzoyl peroxide products or accutane
-
Tinea?
fungal infection which forms ringworms, athlete's foot, jock itch or nail fungus.
To get rid: keep area dry and apply topical anti-fungal treatments
-
Warts
- made from your cells.
- caused by the papilloma virus
- form a benign growth
Remove by freezing, drying or lazer.
-
Psoriasis
- chronic inflammation of the skin
- scaly plaques due to over growth of under lying skin
genetic
-
eczema
a symptom of an underlying condition
inflammatory disorder
|
|
