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bananavocado
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what's the largest organ in the body?
the skin
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what's the functions of the integumentary system?
- -regulates body temp
- -retards water loss from deeper tissue
- -houses sensory receptors
- -protective covering
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The skin includes two distinctive layers. what are they?(top to bottom)
epidermis, dermis
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epidermis: composed? what are the layers?
- top to bottom
- -stratum corneum
- -stratum spinosum
- -stratum basale
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dermis: composed?
thicker and contains connective tissure that has collagenous and elastic fibers, epithelial tissue, smooth muscle tissue, nervous tissue, and blood.
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what's underneath the dermis? composed?
- subcutaneous layer.
- masses of loose connective and adipose tissure that bind the skin to the underlying organs
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what happens in the stratum basale? which layer and how "deep"
cells divide and grow and older epidermal cells are pushed away.
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what are the older cells called?
keratinocytes. (when hardening, it's called keratinization)
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what's the stratum corneum?
layers of tough, tightly packed dead cells that accumulate in the outer epidermis.
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how are fingerprints formed?
because of the dermal papillae passing between the ridges causes the boundary between the epidermis and dermis to be uneven.
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what's the reticular region of the dermis?
- dense irregular connective tissue
- collagenous and elastic fibres so your skin has resilience.
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name the 4 accessory organs of the skin.
hair follicles, sebaceous glands, nails, sweat glands
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where does the hair NOT show up?
palms, soles, lips, nipples and part of external reproductive organs.
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what's a hair follicle?
tubelike depression where each hair develops
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how are epidermal cells nourished?
from dermal blood
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what's the hair bulb?
where skin cells are compressed and keratin is added.
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where's the shaft?
the part above the epidermis
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how does color occur?
b/c of melanin
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what's the purpose of the sebaceous gland?
secretes an oily mixture of fatty material and cellular debris called sebum.
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what causes goose bumps?
arrector pili muscles
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what's the purpose of the nails?
protective covering.
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what does each nail consist of?
a nail plate that overlies a surface of the skin called nail bed.
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what the whitish moon-shaped part called? why's it there?
lunula. that's where most active growing occurs.
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how does a nail grow and how long?
mitosis in the stratum germinativum. rate of 0.5-1.5 mm per week
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skin gland consists?
tiny tube that originates as a ball-shaped coil in the deeper dermis or superficial subcutaneous layer
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eccrine gland produce....
produces perspiration.
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apocrine glands....
found?
axillary regions and groin and connect to hair follicles.
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ceruminous gland....
secrete earwax
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what's another word for skin cancer?
cutaneous carcinomas
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what are the three types of skin cancers
?
- 1. squamous cell carcinoma
- 2. basal cell carcinoma
- 3. malignant melanoma
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alopecia?
- sudden hair loss.
- caused by hair follicles which stop producing
- male pattern baldness
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Acne Vulgaris
- occurs in adolescence.
- sebaceous glands become plugged with sebum, skin cells and bacteria.
- pustules form and creates secondary infections.
*treated with benzoyl peroxide products or accutane
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Tinea?
fungal infection which forms ringworms, athlete's foot, jock itch or nail fungus.
To get rid: keep area dry and apply topical anti-fungal treatments
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Warts
- made from your cells.
- caused by the papilloma virus
- form a benign growth
Remove by freezing, drying or lazer.
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Psoriasis
- chronic inflammation of the skin
- scaly plaques due to over growth of under lying skin
genetic
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eczema
a symptom of an underlying condition
inflammatory disorder
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