15.1.3

  1. I.                   A Military Revolution
    • a.      War important in European affairs
    •                                                               i.      Military power essential to ruler’s rep and power= needed an effective militaryà military revolution (1560-1660)
    • b.      Medieval warfare (knights and archers)à Renaissanceà infantry with pikes and halberds arranged in rectangles (squadrons and battalions), adjusted by firearms
  2. I.                   A Military Revolution
    Adolphus
    • a.      Gustavus Adolphus (Swedish king) developed first standing army of conscripts, notable for tactical flexibility
    •                                                               i.      Infantry brigades composed of equal  numbers of musketeers and pikemen, six men deep
    •                                                             ii.      Used the salvo, in which all rows of infantry fired at once instead of row by row
    • 1.      Cut up massed ranks of opposing infantry and followed by pike charge, giving infantry offensive deployment
  3. I.                   A Military Revolution
    Cavalry Improvements``
    •                                                               i.      Cavalry more mobile  
    • 1.      After shooting pistol volley, they charged with swords
    •                                                             ii.      Lighter artillery pieces more easily moved
    •                                                           iii.      All changes required coordination, careful training, and better discipline, forcing rulers to move away from undisciplined mercenaries
    •                                                           iv.      He was imitated
  4. I.                   A Military Revolution
    Warfare Change
    • a.      17th century: warfare change
    •                                                               i.      Standing armies more expensive and larger with better disciplined and better-trained soldiers educated in military schools
    •                                                             ii.      Armies introduced use of linear rather than square formations to provide greater flexibility and mobility in tactics
    • 1.      Increased use of firearms as musket with attached bayonet which replaced pike in ranks of the infantry
  5. I.                   A Military Revolution
    Naval Arms Race
    •                                                               i.      Naval arms raceà bigger warships or capital ships (ships of the line) with two or three decks carrying fifty-100 heavy cannons
    •                                                             ii.      Larger armies maintained through heavier taxes, making war economically burdening and more important
    • 1.      Creation of a large bureaucracy to supervise military resources of state led to growth in power of state governments
Author
DesLee26
ID
193625
Card Set
15.1.3
Description
State Building and the Search for Order in the 17th Century
Updated