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Disinfection
- eliminates many or all microorganisms, exception is spores.
- Alcohol
- chlorines
- phenols
- H2O2
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Sterilization
- complete elimination of ALL microorganisms, including spores.
- Steam
- Ethylene oxide
- H2O2 plasma
- Chemicals
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Critical Items that need sterilized
- Surgical instruments
- urinary catheters
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Semi-critical items- High level disinfection
- Endoscopes
- ET tubes
- Anesthesia equipment
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Non-critical items- disinfected
- Bed Pans
- BP cuffs
- stethoscopes
- linens
- bedrails
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Principles to follow to ensure maintenance of asepsis
- 1. A sterile object remains sterile only when touched by another sterile object.
- 2. Only sterile objects may be placed on a sterile field
- 3. A sterile object or field out of the range of vision or below a persons waist is contaminated.
- 4. A sterile object or field becomes contaminated by prolonged exposure to air.
- 5. When a sterile surface comes in contact with a wet, contaminated surface, the sterile object of field becomes contaminated by capillary action.
- 6. Fluid flows in the direction of gravity.
- 7. The edges of a sterile field or container are considered to be contaminated.
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Donning PPE
- Cap
- Surgical Mask
- Goggles
- Gown
- Gloves
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Removing PPE
- Gloves
- goggles
- gown
- surgical mask
- cap
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