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Biology Day 1
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Atoms
Fundamental building block of all matter
Atoms Described
2 Atoms = Molecule
3 Atoms = Compound
Molecule is the smallest particle of a compound
Atom is the smallest particle of a molecule
Molecule
As association of 2 or more atoms. They are atoms joined in chemical bonds.
Cell
The smallest unif of life
Organelle
Mitochondria…Structure within a cell that has a particular function to perform
Tissues
Cells can be conbined to form tissues
Organ
A grouping of tissues engaged in a collective task
Organ System
Set of organs engaged in a collective task that keeps thee body functioning properly. The circulatory system
Multicelled Organism
Individual that consists of different type of cells.
Population
Groupof single-celled or multi-celled individuals of the same species in a given area
Community
All populations of all species in a specified area.
Ecosystem
The physical environment… Living and non-living organisms. A community interacting with its environment.
Biosphere
All of the areas of the earth including the atmosphere that can support life. organisms live.
Biodiversity
Variation among living organisms
A mass
variety of life
Homeostasis
Is the ability to maintain a certain level of things in the body. Tolerable ranges: Temperature, Sugar levels, PH (Level of acid)
Characteristics of Life
Successfully reproduce
Homeostasis
Metabolism
Respond to changes in the environment
Producers
Makes its own food
Consumers
Gets energy and nutrients from other organisms.
Decomposers
They break down organic material and recycling. Fungi and Bacteria. It can be recycled or re-used by plants
DNA
Blue-print of what an organism is – Contains the instructions to making protein.
RNA
Messenger of the DNA
Energy
The capacity to do work
Nutrient
Substance that an organism needs for growth and survival but cannot make for itself.
Reproduction
Parents produe offspring
Carolus Linnaeus
Deviced the classification system
Deviced a naming system that has 2 parts
Swedish botanist. 1750
Did some things to helps us organize organisms
Created a naming systems in order to help us label organisms
Started with plants
Binomial System: (Two – Names)
Binomial System
1st part: Genus (1st name)
2nd part
: Species (Family Name)
1st letter of the Genus is always capitalized. Acer rubrum and done in italics.When you write it you just underline it.
Binomial System
Standard Classification
Category Example
Binomial System:
Kids prefer candy over fresh green spinash
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata (with or without backbone)
Class Mammalia (mammals
Order Primates (Humans and monkeys)
Family Hominidae (human like)
Genu Homo
Species Sapiens
3 Domain System
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
6 Kingdoms
BAPPFA
Bacteria
Archaea
Protists
Plants
Fungi
Animal
Eukarya:
Eu = True
Karya = Central point / Nucleus
Eukarya (4-Kingdoms)
Protists
Plants
Fungi
Animals
Atomic Number
Number of protons. Determines the element
Element
A pure substance that consists only of atoms with the same number of protons
Carbon
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Dmitry Mendeleyev
Arranged the known elements by chemical properties. Atomic number. known for his extravagant hair.
Isotopes
Forms of an element that differ in the number of neutrons their atoms carry.
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
2 ideas about Evolution
There is a variation within a species
As environment changes nature selects the variant that is best suited to survive.
C.HOPKINS CaFé – Mighty Good especially with salt
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Phosphorus
K (Potasium) Kalium
Iodine
Nitrogen
Sulfur
Ca (Calcium)
Fe (Iron) Feruso
Mg (Magnesium)
Na (Sodium) Natrium
Cl (Chloride)
Sub-Atomic Particles
Smaller than atoms
Nucleaus = Protons and Neutrons
Around = Electrons
Atomic Mass Unit
Number of protons find in the nucleaus
Atomic Number
The number of protons
Atomic Mass
Total number of Protons and Neutrons
Isotopes
Forms of an element that differ in the number of neutrons their atoms carry
Why do some elements combine?
Whether an element is chemical active or not depends on the number of Electrons on the outer energy level.
Rule of 8
Ions
When an atom is not consider neutral
They have gained or loss electrons
Ions form Ionic bonds
Organic compounds (Molecules)
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids (DNA / RNA)
Covalent Bond: STRONGEST BOND
Carbon / Oxygen / Nitrogen / Phosphorus / Hydrogen / Sulfur
Share Electrons
Ionic Bond
Give Electrons
Hydrogen Bond
Is formed when a positive side of a molecule is attracted to the negative side ofanother
Hydrogen bonds are form when you have a combination of positive and negative sidesWater and protein attracts
POLAR MOLECULES
Water has a pos and neg side
Hydrophilic
Water loving molecules; substance
Describes a substance that dissolves easily in water
Hydrophobic
Water fearing molecules. Fats and Oils
Resists dissolving in water.
Solvent
Liquid that can dissolve other substances
Water
Solute
The substance that is being dissolved
Kool-Aid powder
Solution
The combination of both substances
Kool-Aid
Adhesion
Attraction of water molecules to other substances
Cohesion
Attraction of water molecules to each other
Dueto hydrogen bonding
Acid
is a substance with an excess of Hydrogen ions
Base
A substance with an excess of Hydroxyl Ion.
Alkaline
Temperature
Measure of molecular motion
Natural Selection
Variant that it is best suited to survive
Protein Primary Structure
The order that the amino acid has to go in.
Protein Secondary Structure
The initial shape that the polypeptide takes as it is being constructed
Protein Tertiary structure
The final shape that the whole polypeptide has
Saturated Fats
found in animals and are solvents in room temperature.
Unsaturated Fats
found in plants and they tend to be liquids at room temperatures (or oils)
Polypetide
A long chain of amino acids
Author
zunigajf
ID
194336
Card Set
Biology Day 1
Description
Biology 1 Quiz 1
Updated
1/22/2013, 7:12:40 AM
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