CHEM CHAPTER 1

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  1. ATOMS
    SUBATOMIC PARTICLES THAT CONSTITUTE THE FUNDAMENTAL BUILDINGL BLOCKS OF ORDINARY MATTER
  2. MOLECULES
    TWO OR MORE ATOMS JOINED TOGETHER IN A SPECIFIC ARRANGEMENT
  3. SCIENTIFIC METHOD
    SCIENCE IS BASED ON OBSERVATION AND EXPERIMENT
  4. ROBERT BOYLE
    CAME UP WITH SCIENTIFIC METHOD
  5. ANTOINE LAVOSIER
    CAME UP WITH LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS
  6. LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS
    MATTER IS NEITHER CREATED NOR DESTROYED
  7. SCIENTIFIC LAW
    BRIEF STATEMENT THAT SUMMARIZES PAST OBSERVATIONS AND PREDICTS FUTURE ONE
  8. HYPOTHESIS
    TENTATIVE INTERPRETATION OR EXPLANATION OF OBSERVATIONS
  9. THEORY
    EXPLAINS WHY NATURE DOES WHAT IT DOES
  10. JOHN DALTON
    CAME UP WITH THE ATOMIC THEORY
  11. ATOMIC THEORY
    MATTER IS COMPOSED OF ATOMS
  12. MATTER
    ANYTHING THAT OCCUPIES SPACE AND HAS MASS
  13. SUBSTANCE
    A SPECIFIC INSTANCE OF MATTER
  14. CLASSIFYING MATTER; STATE
    • SOLID
    • LIQUID
    • GAS
    • PLASMA
  15. SOLIDS
    • DEFINITE SHAPE
    • DEFINITE VOLUME
  16. LIQUIDS
    • DEFINITE VOLUME
    • INDEFINITE SHAPE
  17. GAS
    • INDEFINITE SHAPE
    • INDEFINITE VOLUME
  18. CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
    • ATOMS OR MOLECULES ARE IN LONG RANGE PATTERNS AND REPEATS
    • ie. Iron, Ice
  19. AMORPHUS SOLIDS
    • ATOMS OR MOLECULES ARE NOT IN LONG RANCE PATTERNS NOR DEFINITE ORDER
    • ie. Glass, Plastic
  20. PURE SUBSTANCE
    • MADE UP OF ONE COMPONET
    • SAMPLE DOES NOT VARY
  21. MIXTURE
    MADE UP OF AT LEAST 2 COMPONETS THAT CAN VARY FROM ONE SAMPLE TO ANOTHER
  22. ELEMENT
    • ON ATOM OR MOLECULE
    • ie. Helium
  23. COMPOUND
    • MADE UP OF TWO OR MORE ATOMS
    • ie. Pure Water H2O
  24. HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE
    • MIXTURE WITH THE SAME COMPOSTITION THROUGHOUT
    • ie. Wet Sand
  25. HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE
    • MIXTURE OF WHICH THE COMPOSITION CAN VARY THROUGHOUT.
    • ie. Tea with Sugar
  26. DISTILLATION
    MIXTURE IS HEATED TO BOIL OFF VOLATILE LIQUID
  27. VOLATILE
    EASILY VAPORIZABLE LIQUID
  28. DECANTING
    • CAREFULLY POURING OFF
    • ie. Water from Sand
  29. FILTRATION
    MIXTURE IS POURED THROUGH A PAPER FILTER THROUGH A FUNNNEL
  30. PHYSICAL CHANGE
    ALTER ONLY STATE OR APPEARANCE, NOT COMPOSTITION
  31. CHEMICAL CHANGE
    CHANGES THAT ALTER COMPOSITION AND REARRANGES ATOMS.
  32. POTENTIAL ENERGY
    ENERGY DUE TO POSITION OR COMPOSITION
  33. KINETIC ENERGY
    ENERGY DUE TO MOTION
  34. THERMAL ENERGY
    • WHEN AND OBJECT STRIKES ANOTHER OBJECT, ASSOCIATED WITH TEMPERATURE OF AN OBJECT.
    • ie. Ground
  35. LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
    ENERGY CANNOT BE CREATED NOR DESTROYED, BUT CAN ONLY CHANGE FROM ONE FORM TO ANOTHER.
  36. TEMPERATURE
    MEASURE OF KINETIC ENERGY
  37. ACCURACY
    HOW CLOE A SPECIFIC MEASUREMENT IS
  38. PRECISION
    HOW CLOSE A SERIES OF MEASUREMENTS ARE
  39. RANDOM ERROR
    ERROR THAT IS CAUSED BY RANDOM UNKNOWN AND UNPREDICTABLE CHANGES IN EXPERIMENT.
  40. SYSTEMATIC ERROR
    ERRORS THAT USUALLY COME FROM MEASUREMENT.
  41. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    color, smell, freezing point, boiling point, melting point, infra-red spectrum, magnetic, opacity, viscosity and density
  42. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
    heat of combustion, reactivity with water, PH, and electromotive force.
  43. DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    USING UNITS TO DETERMINE CORRECTNESS TO SOLVE A PROBLEM

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Author:
 whittontyler
ID:
 194554
Filename:
 CHEM CHAPTER 1
Updated:
2013-01-23 02:04:39
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CHEMISTRY
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CHAPTER 1
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