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Latin America
- countries that were once colonized by the Spanish Portugese
- most of central America, South America and the Carribean
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latino(a) vs Hispanic
- both relate to colonialism
- Hispanic stresses spain influence
- latino emplies new world influences
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establishment of indust. (LOC)
establishment of extractive industries such as mining where wealth goes OUT the country
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establish. plantations (LOC)
- large platations (sugar cane) -labor
- gave wealth to large landowners with ties to spain
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LOC (labor)
peon & slave labor of indigneous and africans
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Catholic Church (LOC)
- reason for conquest and conscience of the empire
- Bartolome de las casa: N.A. shouldnt be killed or treated harsh->dominican brotherhood->fights
- syncretism:blending of catholic and African beliefs, traditions & culture
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"columbian" exchange (LOC)
- mixing of old & new world
- disease pigs corn & cofee cattle
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unequal distribution of land (LOC)
- econmienda:spanish crown granted spainards right over indians & their land
- plantations:slave labor geared toward export
- hacienda:peon land used for internal use
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unequal dist. of wealth (LOC)
- rich are veryyy rich
- small middle class large poor class
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social hierarchy based on ethn. & race (LOC)
- w/ white spainard at the top
- limited land ownwership, political rep, and education
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patriarchal family (LOC)
- power and wealth in hands of eldest male
- women & daughter stricken to home
- not allowed to own land or get edu.
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emergence of mestizo (LOC)
mixing of european,indians and africans race
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3 types of land use (post colonial)
- plantation:geared toward export (slaves) largescale "business" ventures
- Haciendas:large estates geared to domestic consumption indians in debt peonage
- Smallholders:indig. community in undesirables area often used as place of refuge
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19th century (1800s)
- early independence, establishment of states
- growth of mestizo pop. undermine power of spanish elites
- power struggle between liberals & conservative
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20th century (1900s)
- primarily export economy
- division of wealth ^
- mexican revolution
- modernization towards manufacturing
- populism(concern for poor)-> land reform attempted redistribution of wealth.
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