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Physiology and Anatomy of Domestic Animals
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Cell Components
Cell membrane
Cytoplasmic Organelles
Nucleus
Phospholipid bilayer
-Phospholipids arranged with their polar(hydrophilic heads) facing the protein layer and their non-polar (hydrophobic tails) facing eachother.
Types of cell transport
Active and passive
Diffusion
Distribution of a substance in a solvent so that it gets equally concentrated
Simple Diffusion
Down a concentration gradient
Facilitated Diffusion
Down a concentration gradient but requires a
carrier protein
(transmembrane protein)
Osmosis
-Movement of
water
across
semi-permeable
membranes
-From
low to high
solute concentration
Isotonic
-Solution has the
same
osmotic pressure.
-Ex
: 0.9% NaCl
Hypotonic
-Solution has
lower
osmotic pressure
-Less conc. than saline
-Creates
hemolysis (swell)
of the cell
Hypertonic
-Solution has
higher
osmotic pressure
-causes
crenation (shrivel)
of the cell
Active Transport
-
Low to high
concentration
-
ATP required
- Hydrolyzed by ATPase activity of the carrier
-
Phosphorylation
of carrier causes change in shape and movement of molecule
-
Changes transmembrane protein
Example of Active Transport
NA-K ATPase pump
Components in cytoplasm
-Cytosol (liquid component)
-Organelles
-Cytoskeleton (filaments/microtubules)
Cell Organelles
-Endoplasmic Reticulum
-Mitochondria
-Ribosomes
-Lysosomes
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
-Found in
muscle cell to store calcium
-Found in
endocrine grands
and
muscle cells
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
-
Protein
Synthesis
-Covered in
ribosomes
Mitochondria
-
Powerhouse
of the cell
-
Muscle cells
has abundance
Lysosomes
-Membrane-bond vesicles that contain hydrolytic enzymes
-Originate from ER and Golgi
-
Many in WBC...none in
RBC
-Capable of fusing with intracellular organelles
Author
Anonymous
ID
196104
Card Set
Physiology and Anatomy of Domestic Animals
Description
ANS205
Updated
1/29/2013, 12:16:31 AM
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