BIOL Quiz 3

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How many bones are there in the body?

206
What 2 parts is the skeletal system divided into?

the axial and the appendicular
what major bones make up the axial skeleton?
- skull
- vertebrae
- rib cage
What two categories make up the appendicular skeleton?

upper and lower limbs
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
- protection
- movement (with muscles)
- --Bones act as levers
- --joints act as pivots
- Mineral storage
- Blood cell production by red marrow (RBC's, WBC's, plateletets)
Explain the mineral storage of the skeletal system
- mostly calcium
- some phosphorus
- when calcium runs low in blood, it can be extracted from skeleton
What are the 2 types of bone tissues? Describe them.
- Spongy bone--aka cancellous bone; lacy network of bone fibers (trabeculae)
- Dense bone--outter lining; covers spongy bone as well
what are the spaces filled with inbetween trabeculae?

marrow
what are the 4 bone shapes?
- long bones
- short bones
- flat bones
- irregular bones
which bones are long bones?
Bones of the limbs:
- humerus
- radius
- ulna
- femur
- tibia
- fibula
- phalanges
what are the two main parts of a long bone?
-Describe each.
- Epiphysis--located at either end of bone (top and bottom); wide for joint stability and attachments
- Diaphysis--contains medullary cavity; refers to core part of bone