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Digestion
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Define Digestion
breaking down large molecules into simpler, smaller chemical compounds to be able to use in cells
4 methods of digestion
mechanical
chemical
enzymatic
microbial
What is mechanical digestion
the physical breakdown of food to create more surface area
what is chemical digestion
chemical breakdown of food that uses acids
what is enzymatic digestion
catalyze the breakdown of food by using enzymes that the animal has produced on its own
what is microbial digestion?
a symbiosis process where microorganisms break down food
the basic steps of digestion
Prehension
Mastication
Salivation
Deglutition
The Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
What is prehension?
seizing and conveying of food
actually getting the food into the mouth
What is Mastication?
chewing the food
What is salivation?
secreting saliva to mix with the food stuffs
Types of salivary glands:
parotid
submaxillary
sublingual
What is the composition of saliva?
Water
mucin- slime layer to help protect cells
Electrolytes
Digestive Enzymes
What are the functions of saliva?
lubrication
solvent
cleans oral cavity
serves as a buffer to even out pH level
Helps recycle nitrogen through urea
What is deglutition?
swallowing
What is the cardiac sphincter?
distal end of esophagus that keeps food content in the stomach
What are the functions of the stomach?
storage
mechanical breakdown
chemical digestion
What are the true stomachs in animals?
nonruminant-stomach
ruminant-abomasum
avian-proventriculus
What are the regions of the gastric stomach?
Cardiac
Peptic (Fundic)
esophageal
pyloric
What is the cardiac?
region of the stomach that produces mucin to help protect stomach from being digested
What does the fundic do?
body chief or peptic cells for pH levels
has parietal or oxyntic cells (HCl)
has mucous neck cells
What does the esophageal do?
Nothing
area where food comes into stomach
What does the pyloric do?
raises the pH before particles leave stomach
What are the three parts of the small intestine?
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
What role does the small intestine play in digestion?
secretion, digestion and absorption of almost all nutrients
What role does the large intestine play in digestion?
Mainly absorption of water and volatile fatty acids
Author
llwelp
ID
197009
Card Set
Digestion
Description
the digestion in animals
Updated
2/1/2013, 1:59:57 AM
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