-
anuria
- absence of urine.
- ( may be associated with acute renal failure)
-
oliguria
diminished or abnormally decreased flow of urine
(maybe due to dehydration, renal failure, or obstruction)
-
polyuria
abnormally high and dilute urine output
(the result of excessive solutes and increased excretion of water.)
-
nocturia
urination that occurs during the night
(maybe related to the decreased ability of the aging kidney to concentrate urine)
-
urinary frequency
voiding more often than 2hours.
(this can be due to inflammation, decreased bladder capacity, psychological disorders, pregnancy or increased fluid intake)
-
urinary hesitancy
a delay in starting the stream of urine
(may be related to partial obstruction)
-
urinary retention
retaining or holding urine in the bladder
(various causes including neurologic, psychological, medication, obstruction, or anesthesia)
-
residual urine
that which is left in the bladder after voiding
(related to poor muscle tone or partial obstruction.)
-
dysuria
painful urination
-
urge incontinence
the involuntary loss of urine when there is a strong urge to urinate
-
stress incontinence
when the urethral sphincters fails and there is an increase in intra-abdominal pressure
- (caused by such things as sneezing, laughing, coughing, or aerobic exercise)
-
-
mixed incontinence
combination of different types, such as stress and urge incontinence
-
overflow incontinence
occurs when there is poor contractility of the detrusor muscle or obstruction of the urethra
(as in prostate hypertrophy in the male, or genital prolapse in the female)
-
functional incontinence
- caused by cognitive inability to recognize
- inability to recognize the urge to urinate or self-care deficit caused by extreme depression.
(inability to reach bathroom due to restraints, side rails, or an out-of-reach walker can also result in functional incontinence.)
-
neurologic incontinence
caused by disorders of the neurologic system
(multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injury)
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