Sweetening

Because it reduces the heating value of the gas and has acidic characteristics causing corrosion

• 1) regenerative: Liquid and solid sweetening 
• Solid: activated carbon, activated alumina, iron, silica
• Liquid: Amine

• 2) non-regenerative: used in removal of small quantities of acid gas
• operated in conjunction of regenerated process
• used for final clean up of trace of toxic gas
• used caustic soda and lime carbonate

Occupational exposure limit

• gas
• oil
• water

• introduction of Condensate gas
• Liquid separation
• Gas sweetening
• Dehydration
• recovery of natural gas

• MEA (monoethanol amine): high capacity of absorbing toxic gas
• used when high degree of gas purification is required
• forms undesired salts when contacted with gases other than H2S and CO2
• DEA ( Diethanol amine)
• reduced degradation effect : lower operating losses
• less HC contamination of the acid gases results in better sulphur plant performance and improved sulfur quality 
• TEA ( Triethanol amine)
• used when selective H2S removal is required

is the result of chemical combination of amines with some sulfurous compounds from which the solution cannot be recovered during regeneration

• top
• bottom
• counter current 

water soluble salt 

• High, Low
• The reason is so the two compounds ( gas and liquid) are forced to see each other; this enhances the contact and separation
• Low, High
• The reason is we want to evaporate the H2S and CO2, but at the same time we do not want to send the water vapor which might have been evaporated and carried over with gas stream to escape ( this is done through locating an partial over head condenser at the top of the regenerate, so the water goes back into the regenerator )

• Absorber
• Regenerator

• Partial over head condenser ( cooler)
• Amine-amine heat exchange
• Reboiler ( which is located at the bottom of the regenerator)

• When the hot lean amine leaves the regenerator from the bottom, it goes through a amine-amine heat exchange. This heat exchanges is the place where the heat from hot lean amine is being used to heat the rich amine that is on its way to the regenerator.
• Than it goes to the pump, because we are moving from low P to high P. 
• Lastly, it goes through a cooler for further cooling because it is coming from the regenerator that has a high T and going to an Absorber that has a low T. So the purpose of the cooler is to cool down the lean amine to atm. T 

• To make sure the absorber is not running dry
• most importantly is to avoid the gas from moving down word of the tower. 

The level is control by a valve that is located on the way of rich amine towards the heat exchanger

To remove HC that is driven off with gas stream and rich amine.

it is located before the stripper

Decreasing the pressure super fast to go from liquid to vapor, high P to low P, and low V to high V

• Temperature recording controller
• Flow Indicator
• Level Control
• Differential Pressure controller

• It is an amine purifier 
• it is used to remove degradation products in the solution
• it is located near the bottom of the stripper