CH 6 A&P BIOL 223

  1. Which of the following is the correct order of the layers of the cutaneous membrane?





    B) epidermis, dermis, hypodermis
  2. The tissue under the skin is called the





    A) hypodermis or subcutaneous layer
  3. As cells are pushed from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface,





    B) they die.
  4. The layer of the epidermis at the surface is the





    C) stratum corneum
  5. Thick skin can be found on the





    A) palms.
  6. The skin is also called the





    D) cutaneous membrane.
  7. Thin skin is defined by the thickness of the





    B) epidermis.
  8. An epidermal layer that produces large amounts of keratin is the





    A) stratum granulosum
  9. The primary mode of heat loss from the body is





    A) radiation.
  10. n order for bacteria on the skin to cause an infection in the skin, they must





    E) all of the above
  11. Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels in the





    A) dermis.
  12. Drugs suspended in ________ or ________ can penetrate the epidermis.





    E) oils; lipid-soluble carriers
  13. Functions of the skin include





    D) regulating body temperature
  14. An individual with excessive epidermal shedding on the scalp may be prone to develop this condition.





    E) dandruff
  15. In albinism, ________ is lacking.





    E) melanin
  16. The skin may turn orange as a result of ________ buildup.





    C) carotene
  17. The pigment melanin




    C) protects DNA from the damaging effects of UV radiation.
  18. The most important factor in skin color is





    E) genetic factors.
  19. Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet light





    C) can stimulate the production of melanin.
  20. When a person becomes "pale," what is the physiologic basis?





    D) The blood supply to the skin decreases.
  21. Which of the following is a function of the integumentary system that aids the endocrine system?




    B) synthesis of vitamin D
  22. Epidermal cells synthesize this vitamin when exposed to sunlight.





    D) vitamin D3
  23. The dermis is composed largely of





    E) dense irregular connective tissue
  24. When smooth muscles in the walls of dermal blood vessels contract,





    C) body heat is conserved.
  25. The layer of the skin that provides thermoregulation via changing blood flow is the





    B) dermis.
  26. Folds of the dermis that cause fingerprints are called





    D) dermal papillae.
  27. Nerve fibers in the skin are associated with





    E) all of the above
  28. When the body is overheated, the skin responds by




    B) increasing blood flow to the dermis
  29. The subcutaneous layer is made of





    B) loose connective and adipose tissues
  30. The hypodermis contains mostly





    A) adipose tissue.
  31. Injections made under the skin are called





    B) hypodermal injections.
  32. Shafts of hair are made by





    E) dead epidermal cells.
  33. When the arrector pili muscles contract,





    B) "goose bumps" are formed.
  34. Accessory structures of the skin include





    E) all of the above
  35. Temporary increases in hair loss can result from





    E) all of the above
  36. Glands that are located in the ear canal are called




    B) ceruminous glands.
  37. Perspiration produced by apocrine sweat glands





    D) is limited to the hair follicles of the axilla, nipples, and groin.
  38. The condition that results from clogged sebaceous glands is





    C) acne.
  39. Eccrine sweat glands





    B) respond primarily to elevated body temperature.
  40. Sweat helps to cool the body by





    B) evaporation.
  41. Eccrine and sebaceous glands differ in





    E) all of the above
  42. The glands that develop at puberty are





    A) apocrine glands.
  43. Specialized sweat glands that produce milk are called





    B) mammary glands.
  44. The pale cresent area of the nail is called the





    B) lunula.
  45. The fold of stratum corneum over the base of a nail is called the





    B) cuticle.
  46. The type of burn that may require a skin graft is a





    D) third-degree burn.
  47. A burn that penetrates the epidermis and part of the dermis is classified as a





    C) second-degree burn.
  48. Why would an elderly person be more prone to skin infections than a younger person?





    E) all of the above
  49. A burn that involves only the epidermis, such as a mild sunburn, is classified as





    C) first degree.
  50. This type of burn appears inflamed and tender but has no blisters.





    A) first-degree burn
  51. The most severe type of skin cancer is most likely to develop from





    E) melanocytes.
  52. The deepest layer of cells in the epidermis is the cells of the stratum _________________.
    basale
  53. The substance that gives the skin its waterproofing ability is _______________.
    keratin
  54. The protein that contributes to many of the skin's protective qualities is called ______      .
    keratin
  55. __________ is a pigment found in vegetables that can make skin appear orange or yellow.
    Carotene
  56. Melanin serves to protect cells under the epidermis from ________________.
    UV light
  57. Exposure to _______________ radiation from the sun has the effect of increasing melanin production in the skin.
    UV (ultraviolet)
  58. The ________________ layer of the skin contains bundles of collagen fibers and elastin and is responsible for the strength of the skin.
    reticular
  59. The thermostat for the body is the ____________.
    hypothalamus
  60. The _________ glands function as scent glands.
    apocrine
  61. The nail ______________ covers the nail bed
    body
  62. A thickened area of scar tissue that is covered by a shiny, smooth epidermal surface is called a(n) __________.
    keloid
  63. ____________ are accumulations of fluid within the epidermis or between the epidermis and the dermis.
    Blisters
  64. Select the layer below that contains dividing cells.




    A) stratum basale
  65. This layer is absent in thin skin.




    B) stratum lucidum
  66. Which of the following terms refers to a yellowing of skin due to an abnormally high level of bilirubin in the blood?




    A) jaundice
  67. Which of the following does not contribute to skin color?





    A) hair color
  68. Blond hair





    B) has a sparse amount of melanin in the cortex.
  69. The hair of the fetus is called ___________.





    E) lanugo
  70. The oily secretion that prevents the skin from drying and cracking is




    D) sebum.
  71. These skin glands protect the ear.





    B) ceruminous
  72. In this type of burn, only the epidermis is involved.



    C) first degree
  73. Which type of skin graft is unlikely to cause an immune reaction?




    B) isograft
  74. The single layer of cells that make up the stratum basale of the epidermis contains all of the following cell types except




    A) fibroblasts.
  75. Which of the following types of cells divides by mitosis to replace the dead cells that exfoliate from the surface of your skin?




    C) keratinocytes
  76. Which layer is responsible for fingerprints?




    D) dermis
  77. The epidermal layer that is dead and keratinized is the





    A) stratum corneum
  78. The major skin layer that normally has the greatest amount of adipocytes is the





    C) hypodermis.
  79. Cutaneous vasodilation is in response to





    C) very warm conditions
  80. Which part of the nail represents the growth zone?





    E) nail matrix
  81. Of the three types of hair we grow during our lives, which type is pigmented?




    B) terminal
  82. Fingernails grow about 1mm/week due to mitosis of cells in the




    B) nail matrix.
  83. Smooth muscle bundles attached to the hair root sheath are called




    A) arrector pili.
  84. Which of the following statements about sweat glands is incorrect?




    D) A milky perspiration containing fatty acids is secreted by merocrine sweat glands.
  85. Which of the following has an excretory function?




    C) eccrine sweat gland
  86. Which of the following is a fungus infection of the skin?




    D) ringworm
  87. Which of the following types of skin cancer is the least dangerous because it seldom metastasizes?




    B) basal cell carcinoma
  88. The epidermal water barrier is formed at the point where epidermal cells





    B) pass from stratum spinosum to stratum granulosum.
  89. Which of the following skin conditions or appearances would most likely result from liver failure?





    C) jaundice
  90. All of the following interfere with microbial invasion of the body except





    A) melanization.
  91. The hair on a 6-year-old's arms is





    D) vellus.
  92. Which of the following terms is least related to the rest?





    B) cortex
  93. Which of the following is a scent gland?





    D) apocrine gland
  94.                are skin cells with a sensory role.





    D) Tactile cells
  95. Which of the following glands produce the acid mantle?





    B) merocrine sweat glands
  96. Which of the following skin cells alert the immune system to pathogens?





    C) dendritic cells
  97. __________ is sweating without noticeable wetness of the skin.
    insensible perspiration
  98. A muscle that causes a hair to stand on end is called a/an __________.
    piloerector
  99. The process of removing burned skin from a patient is called __________.
    debridement
  100. Blueness of the skin due to low oxygen concentration in the blood is called __________.
    cyanosis
  101. Projections of the dermis toward the epidermis are called __________.
    dermal papillae
  102. Cerumen is more commonly known as __________.
    earwax
  103. The holocrine glands that secrete into a hair follicle are called __________
    sebaceous glands
  104. Hairs grow only during the __________ phase of the hair cycle
    anagen
  105. A hair is nourished by blood vessels in a connective tissue projection called the __________.
    dermal papilla
  106. A __________ burn destroys the entire dermis.
    third-degree
  107. Dander consists of dead keratinocytes.

    True/False
    True
  108. The term integument means only the skin, but integumentary system includes the skin, hair, nails, and cutaneous glands.

    True/False
    True
  109. The dermis is composed mainly of keratin

    True/False
    • False
    • Keratin is the protein of the epidermis; the dermis is composed mainly of collagen
  110. Vitamin D synthesis begins in certain cutaneous glands

    True/False
    • False
    • Vitamin D synthesis begins in kerationcytes
  111. Cells of the stratum granulosum cannot undergo mitosis.

    True/False
    True
  112. Dermal papillae are better developed in skin subjected to a lot of mechanical stress than in skin subjected to less stress.

    True/False
    True
  113. The three layers of the skin are the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis.

    True/False
    • False
    • The hypodermis is not considered to be a layer of the skin.
  114. People of African descent have a much higher density of epidermal melanocytes than do people of northern European descent.

    True/False
    • False
    • Different races have about the same density of melanocyts, but different amounts of melanin.
  115. Pallor indicates a genetic lack of melanin.

    True/False
    • False
    • A genetic lack of melanin causes albinism, not pallor. Pallor is a temporary, nonhereditary paleness of the skin.
  116. Apocrine sweat glands develop at the same time in life as the pubic and axillary hair

    True/False
    True
  117. The epidermis is made of this tissue:




    B. stratified squamous epithelium
  118. These cells are responsible for the ability
    of the epidermis to resist abrasion and reduce water loss:




    C. keratinocytes
  119. This layer of skin replaces older cells that
    desquamate with newer cells by mitosis:




    B. stratum basale
  120. Thin skin:





    E. all of these
  121. Cyanosis, blue tinted skin, is caused by
    this:

      a. excess carotene
      b. decreased melanin production 
      c. decreased oxygen in the blood
      d. increased blood flow
      c. decreased oxygen in the blood
  122. The dermis is made of this kind of tissue:

      a. adipose
      b. epithelium
      c. connective
      d. keratin
    c. connective
  123. This is not associated with the dermis:

      a. melanocytes
      b. nerve endings
      c. lymphatic vessels
      d. hair follicles
      a. melanocytes
  124. These lines of scar tissue are formed from
    excess stretching of the skin:

      a. fingerprints
      b. dermal papillae
      c. cleavage (tension) lines
      d. striae
      d. striae
  125. This layer contains blood vessels that  nourish the epidermis, remove wastes and
    regulate body temperature:

      a. reticular layer
      b. hypodermis
      c. papillary layer
      d. stratum basale
      c. papillary layer
  126. Near birth, the hair on the scalp, eyelids
    and eyebrows are replaced with this:

      a. terminal hair
      b. lanugo
      c. vellus hair
      a. terminal hair
  127. This layer of cells in the hair forms the
    surface and contains hard keratin:

      a. medulla
      b. cortex
      c. cuticle
      d. dermal root sheath
      c. cuticle
  128. These smooth muscles are attached to hair
    follicles and contraction of them 
    produces “goose bumps”:

      a. hairbulb
      b. arrector pili
      c. dermal root sheath
      d. epithelial root sheath
    b. arrector pili
  129. The nail is produced mostly by this:

      a. nail bed
      b. nail root
      c. nail fold
      d. nail matrix
      d. nail matrix
  130. This white crescent-shaped area is seen at
    the base of the nail:

      a. nail bed
      b. nail fold
      c. lunula
      d. eponychium
      e. hyponychium
    c. lunula
  131. These sweat glands are responsible for
    cooling the body:

      a. merocrine (eccrine)
      b. apocrine
      c. ceruminous
      d. sebaceous
    a. merocrine (eccrine)
  132. These modified apocrine sweat glands are found in the breasts:

      a. ceruminous
      b. sebaceous
      c. mammary
      d. mucous
      c. mammary
  133. Sebaceous glands produce sebum, prevent
    drying of the skin, protect against some bacteria, and are classified as holocrine.

    True/ False
    True
  134. This gland is involved with the production of
    body odor:

      a. merocrine
      b. apocrine
      c. cermunious
      d. sebaceous
      b. apocrine
  135. These glands located in the external auditory
    meatus (ear canal) produce ear wax:

      a. apocrine
      b. ceruminous
      c. merocrine (eccrine)
      d. sebaceous
    b. ceruminous
  136. The major function of the skin is protection
    from this:

      a. abrasion
      b. dehydration
      c. ultraviolet light
      d. entry of microorganisms
      e. all of these
    e. all of these
  137. This layer contains about half of the body’s
    stored fat:

      a. epidermis
      b. dermis
      c. hypodermis (subcutaneous)
      d. stratum basale
    c. hypodermis (subcutaneous)
  138. This substance is synthesized in the skin and
    increases blood calcium for normal nerve and muscle function:

      a. vitamin A
      b. vitamin B
      c. vitamin C
      d. vitamin D
      d. vitamin D
  139. This best describes the function of melanin
    in the skin:

      a. reduces water loss
      b. protects against UV light
      c. helps regulate body temperature
      d. lubricates the skin
    b. protects against UV light
  140. These are all effects of aging on the integumentary system except:

      a. decrease of elastic fibers
      b. loss of fat from hypodermis
      c. decrease of melanin production in hair
      d. increase of sweat gland activity
      d. increase of sweat gland activity
  141. After the resting stage of hair growth, the
    hair:

      a. grows more rapidly
      b. falls out
      c. shortens the hair follicle
      d. loses its pigmentation
    b. falls out
Author
alyknight
ID
199512
Card Set
CH 6 A&P BIOL 223
Description
Integumentary system
Updated