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kris10leejmu
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Are pigs easy to restrain?
- no they are very strong
- a 40 pound pig is harder to handle Labrador retriever
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Why do we need to give pigs a higher dose of anesthetics?
because they have a higher body fat %
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What kind of injections do give for anesthetics in pigs?
- IM for sedation followed IV or IM for induction
- IV is limited and ears are really the only option
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Are pigs easy to intubate?
no, can not see the larynx so it is a blind intubation
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Pigs can easily get malignant hyperthermia when under anesthesia. What is this and what is another name for it?
- acute severe hyperthermia associated with anesthesia, exertion, transportation or other stress
- also called porcine stress syndrome
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Do we often do local or regional blocks in pigs?
not frequently done due to conformation and high % body fat, but if we do do them then we do it the same way as we did for ruminants
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What kind of sedatives/premeds do we give to pigs?
- anticholinergics
- alpha 2 agonists
- acepromazine
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What do anticholinergics do for pigs?
- better at drying secretions in swine than in ruminants
- prevents/treats bradycardia
- GI stasis is not much of a concern in pigs
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What are the alpha 2 agonists that can be used in pigs and which one is the most commonly used?
- xylazine
- dexmedetomidine (dexdomitor)
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How do pigs react to xylazine?
least sensitive and most resistant than other large animals so we use a higher dose
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How long does acepromazine take to work in pigs?
20 - 30 minutes
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What can xylazine cause pigs to do?
vomit
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What are the different inductions agents we can use for pigs?
- thiobarbiturates (thiopental)
- dissociates (ketamine and telazol)
- GKX
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Which dissociative do we use the most commonly in pigs and why?
ketamine because its cheaper than telazol
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How do we give the triple drip in pigs and how is it different than in ruminants?
- 1/2 L bag of 5% guaifenesin, 5cc of ketamine, 5cc of xylazine
- administer about 1ml/kg for IV induction or give to effect then CRI for maintenance (2ml/kg/hr)
- we can put xylazine in the bag bc pigs aren't as sensitive to it as ruminants
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What are the different ways to maintain a pig on general anesthesia?
- repeat doses of induction agents (1/2 initial dose of ketamine IM)
- CRI of GKX
- inhalants
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How is anesthesia different for pot belly pigs than for food animal pigs?
- not held to the same economic concerns and can use more expensive drugs
- pre-meds followed by mask induction
- can use propofol
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