Integumentary terms and diseases

  1. comedos
    blackheads; discolored, dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin
  2. whiteheads
    pustules
  3. sudoriferous gland
    sweat gland - opened to surface of the skin through pores.
  4. Kaposi sarcoma
    sarc/o = flesh (connective tissue)

    • malignant skin tumor associated with AIDS.
    • usually fatal
    • tumor appears as a purplish brown lesion
  5. Gangrene
    form of necrosis associated with loss of blood supply.  Before healing can take place, the dead matter must be removed
  6. abrasion
    scraping or rubbing away of a surface, such as skin, by friction
  7. Abscess
    localized collection of pus at the site of an infection (usually a staph infection)

    can occur anywhere...treatment includes oral antibodies and I&D to drain material
  8. furuncle abscess
    abscess that originates in a hair follicle; aka boil
  9. carbuncle (abscess)
    cluster of furuncles in the subcutaneous tissue
  10. acne
    inflammatory disease of sebaceous follicles of the skin, marked by comedos, papules, and pustules
  11. alopecia
    loss or absence of hair; baldness
  12. cyst

    -sebaceous
    closed sac or pouch in or under the skin with a definite wall that contains fluid, semifluid, or solid material

    sebaceous- cyst filled with sebum (fatty material) from a sebaceous gland
  13. eczema
    redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries
  14. hemorrhage
    loss of large amount of blood in a short period, externally or internally (arterial, venous or capillary)
  15. contusion (hemorrhage)
    any size under the skin in which the skin is not broken; bruise
  16. ecchymosis (hemmorhage)

    petechia
    skin discoloration consisting of a large, irregularly formed hemorragic area with colors changing from blue-black to greenish brown or yellow; bruise

    petechia: minute, pinpoint hemorrhagic spot of the skin
  17. hematoma
    elevated, localized collection of blood trapped under the skin that usually results from trauma
  18. hirsutism
    excessive growth of hair or presence of hair in unusual places, especially in women
  19. impetigo
    bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture
  20. psoriasis
    chronic skin disease characterized by itchy red patches covered with silvery scales

    • treatments
    • -corticosterioids, vitamin D, uv light exposure, saltwater immersion
  21. scabies
    contagious skin diseae transmitted by the itch mite
  22. skin lesion
     (primary or secondary)
    areas of pathologically altered tissue caused by disease, injury, or a wound due to external factors or internal disease

    primary: initial reaction to pathologically altered tissue that may be flat or elevated

    secondary: result from the changes that take place in the primary lesion due to infection, scratching, trauma, or various stages of a disease
  23. tinea
    fungal infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected; ringworm
  24. ulcer

    pressure ulcer
    • lesion of the skin or mucous membranes marked by inflammation, necrosis, and sloughing of damaged tissues
    • (result of trauma, chemicals, heat, cold, drugs)

    pressure ulcer: skin ulceration caused by prolonged pressure (bedridden: bony projection); bedsure, decubitis
  25. urticaria
    allergic reaction of the skin.  Eruption of pale-red elevated patches that are intensely itchy; wheals, hives
  26. verruca
    rounded epidermal growths caused by a virus;wart

    plantar, juvenile, venereal

    removed by cryosurgery, electrocautery,
  27. vitiligo
    localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches; leukoderma
  28. biopsy
    removal of a small peice of living tissue from part of the body for microscopic examination to confirm or establish a diagnosis, estimate prognosis, or follow the course of a disease

    needle, punch, shave
  29. skin test
    determines sensitivity (allergy) by applying a suspected allergen into the skin and determining sensitivity to specific antigen by an inflammatory skin reaction to it
  30. cryosurgery
    use of subfreezing temperature, commonly with liquid nitrogen, to destroy abnormal tissue cells, such as unwanted or infected tissue
  31. debridement
    treatment that involves removal of foreign material and dead or damaged tissue, especially in a wound and is used to promote healing and prevent infection
  32. electrodessication
    process in which high-frequency electrical sparks are used to dehydrate and destroy disease tissue
  33. skin graft

    allograft, autograft, synthetic, xenograft
    surgical procedure to transplant healthy tissue by applying it to an injured site

    allograft:one person to another; homograft

    autograft: one site to anothe

    synthetic: artificial skin, disintigrates

    xenograft: foreign donor (pig);heterograft
  34. skin resurfacing

    chemical peel, cutaneous laser, dermabrasion
    procedure that repairs damaged skin, acne scars, fine or deep wrinkles or tattoos. Uses topical chemicals, abrasion or laser.

    chemical peel: (chemabrasion) use of chemicals to remove outer layers of skin to treat acne scarring and to remove fine wrinkles on the face

    cutaneous: several laser treatments for cosmetic and plastic surgery

    dermabrasion: removal of acne scars, nevi, tattoos, or fine wrinkles on the skin through the use of sandpaper, wire brushes, or other abrasive materials on the epidermal layer
Author
lhills
ID
201102
Card Set
Integumentary terms and diseases
Description
Integumentary terms
Updated