Circulatory System

What are the four functions of the circulatory system

what function of the circulatory system carries oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and all the tissues of the body

what function of the circulatory system carries nutrients from the digestive system and storage areas to all the tissue of the body

what function of the circulatory system carries wastes to the liver and kidneys for detoxification or removal

what function of the ciruclatory system carries hormones from endocrine glands to target muscles

what function of the circulatory system regulates temp by moving heat from skeletal muscles to the superficial blood vessels

what function of the circulatory system transfer water and electrolytes to and from tissues to stabilize their balance

what function of the circulatory system stabilizes pH with buffers

what function of the circulatory system has platelets, enzymes and factors that initiate clotting

what function of the circulatory system has white blood cells and antibodies found in blood that locate and destroy pathogenic organisms

what are the two main components of blood

what does blood consist of

how many liters of blood does an average adult carry

what is the pH of an average adults blood

what 3 things make up plasma

how much blood is plasma

how much blood is formed elements

what are the 3 types of plasma proteins

what type of plasma protein is a major contributor to osmotic concentration of plasma and transports lipids and steroid hormones

what type of plasma protein transports ions, hormones, lipids, and helps the immune function

what type of plasma protein is an essential componenet of the clotting system and can be converted to insoluble fibrin

what are the other solutes that make up plasma

what are the ions of electorlytes

what are the examples of organic nutrients

what type of other solute is carried to sites of breakdown or excretion

what are examples of organic waste

what are 3 things that make up formed elements

what is the producing of formed elements called

what does hemopoiesis primarily occur in adults

where is myeloid tissue found

what cells are made from myeloid tissue

besides myeloid tissue, where else does hemopoiesis occur

what is lymphatic tissue found

what cells are made from lymphatic tissue

wht is the functino of red blood cells

how much do red blood cells make up of formed element volume

what shape are red blood cells

do red blood cells contain important organelles

what type does oxygen bind to

what is the lifespan of red blood cells

how are red blood cells destroyed

what happens if red blood cells are phagocytized

what are molecules found on the surface of cell membranes that can be detected by the body's immune system

what do antibodies cause by holding onto the antigens of serveral red blood cells

how many bonding sites do anti-A and anti-B have

what are the antigens located on the red blood cells called

what are the 3 agglutinogens that are significant for determining blood type

what types of agglutinogens can parents pass to their offspring

what are antibodies found in the plasma of blood that attack agglutinogens of foregin red blood cells

what percents of the u.s. has type o blood

what percent of the u.s. has tpe ab

what percent of us. has type a blood

what percent of u.s. has type b blood

what percent of the u.s. has type Rh blood

what is a hormone released by the kidenys when oxygen levels are low

what hormone stimluates bone marrow to produce more red blood cells which are the transporters of oxygen

what type of cells defend body from pathogens and help remove toxisn, waste, turmor cells, and abnormal, damaged, or dead cells

do white blood cells have organelles

where can white blood cells be found

where are white blood cells stored

where are white blood cells in circulation

what is the amoeboid movement of white blood that allow it to change shape and enter infected tissues called

what is the chemical attration of white blood cells to foregin materials and dead cells for phaocytosis

what are the 5 types of leukocytes

what type of leukocyte is phagocytic and engulfs pathogens and damaged cells

what types of leukocyte releases cytotoxic enzymes

what type of leukocyte releases chemcials to signal other WBC'S

what type fo leukocyte is phagocytic and engulfs antibody labeled materials

what type of leukocyte promotes inflammation

what type of leukocyte enters damaged tissue, releases histamine with promotes inflammtion and heparin which prevents clotting

what type of leukocyte releases cytotoxic enzymes in response to parasitic worm infection

what type of leukocyte is a macrophage

what type of leukocyte provides defense agaisnt specific pathogens/ toxins

what percent of wbcs are neutrophils

what percent of wbcs are basophils

what percent of wbcs are lymphocytes

what are the hormones released by monocytes to stimulate bone marrow to make more wbcs

what cells function in clotting blood and also cease clotting when vessel is mended

how are platlets made

what is the life expentancy of platelets

what aren't platelets considered to be a cell

what percent of plasma is water

besides water, what else makes up plasma

what are the 3 types of plasma proteins

what plasma protein is responsible for blood viscosity, osmotic pressure

what plasma protein transports fatty acids, free bilirubin, and thyroid hormone

which plasma protein transports hemoglobin, copper, lipids, fat soluable vitamins, hormones, and iron

which plasma protein promotes blood clotting

which plasma protein aids in the destruction of toxins and microorganisms

which plasma protein is also callled immunoglobins/anitibodies and fight pathogens

which plasma protein functions in the clotting of blood at an injury site

which plasma protein is the most common

which plasma protein is the least common

what is the blood plasma with the clotting agents removed called

what are the 2 upper chambers of the heart that receive blood

which atrium receives deoxygenated blood

which atrium receives oxygenated blood

what are the two lower chambers that pump blood away from the heart

what is the cardiac muscle that divides the heart into right and left halves (interatrial and interventricular)

what prevents the back flow of blood between the ventricle and atria

what prevents blood from reentering the heart once the ventricles have pumped it away

which semilunar valve is located betweeen the right ventrical and pulmonary artery

which semilunar valve is located between the left ventricle and aorta artery

what are the 3 layers of the heart wall

which layer of the heart wall is the visceral pericardius, and the serious membrane that attaches to the myocardium

which layer of the heart wall is the muscular wall of the heart , forms both artria and ventricles

which layer of the heart is cardiac muscle embedded with blood vessels, nerves and connective tissues

which layer of the heart is squamous epithelium lining the inner surface of the heart chambers and its valves

what type of blood vessels is large, and carries oxygenated blood away from the heart, and has thick wall for high blood pressure

what type of blood vessel are smaller than arteries and carry blood away from the heart and toward tissue capillaries

arteriole

what type of blood vessles that are only one cell thick which allows for diffusion of intracellular and extracellular substances

what type of blood vessels are small and carry deoxygenated blood from the capiillary beds towards veins

venule

what type of blood vessel are large and carry deoxygenated blood toward the heart and has a large lumen and valves to prevent back flow

what are the 3 types of circulatory routes

which type of circulatory route is the movement of blood from the left ventricle to the right artia

which type of circulatory route is the movement of blood from the right atria through the lungs and back to the left ventricle

which type of circulatory route is the movement of blood from the aorta through the coronary arteries and veins of the eart and back to the inferior vena cava vein

what is the extension of the umbilical vein that will take blood past the liver and into the inferior vena cava

what shunts blood from the right atrium directly to the left atrium and closes at birth

what diverts blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta and closes at birth

what is the heart conduction pathway

what records the electrical activites of the heart

what is the deflection caused by atrial depolarization impulse which leads to atrial contraction calledq

what is the ventricular depolarization/impulse that leads to ventricular contraction

what is atrial repolarization not seen on an EKG

what is the deflection caused by ventricular repolarization

what is the time between the beginning or atrial depolarization and the beginning of ventricular depolarization

what is the time for singular ventricular depolarization- repolarization cycle

what is the period between the start one one heartbeat and the beginning of the next called

how long does one cardiac cycle/ heart beat take

what is the volume of blood ejected from the ventricles during each beat, 70 ml called

what is the volume of blood pumped by one ventricle per minute, 5L

what is the amount of pressure that blood is exerting on blood vessels and is higher in arteries then veins

what is the blood pressure during ventricular contraction

what is the blood pressure during ventricular relaxation called

what is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressures, the measurement of an artery expanding and then recoiling called

what does pulse detect

what is the force that blood exerts agaisnt the inners walls of blood vessels

what is the max pressure during ventricular contraction called

what is the lowest pressure that remains in the arteries before the next ventricular contraction

what is an instrument used to amplify sound

what is an instrument used to measure blood pressure

what disease is the conditions in which oxygen carrying capactiy of blood is reduced due to low hemoglobin count

what disease is a bulge in a weakened wall of a blood vessle, usually an artery

what disease is a type of arteriosclerosis characterized by changes in vessles lining and the formation of a plaque

what disease is a slower heart rate than normal

what disease is a faster than normal heart rate

what disease is the abnormal patterns of cardiac electrical activity

what disease is the pericardial inflammation in which fluid collects in the pericardial sac restricting cardiac output

what disease is a group of disease characterized by the progressive, irreversible degeneration of myocardium

what disease is the analysis of blood yielding: rbc, wbc, and platelet count, hemoglobin and hemtaocrit

what disease is the condition that develops when the left ventricle can no longer keep pace the right ventricle and blood backs up into the pulmonary circuit, leading to pulmonary edema

what disease is the failure to deliver sufficient oxygen to body tissues

what disease is the result of any type of heart failure, including myocardial infarctions and heart infections

what disease is due to a loss of blood volume in blood vessels

what disease is the dilation of blood vessels due to involuntary nerve stimulation of vessels

what disease is an acute allergic reaction resulting in vessel dialation

what disease results from pathogens releasing toxins into the blood stream, causing blood vesssles to dialate

what is a device used to eliminate fibrillation and restore normal caridac rhythm

what is the volume percent of rbcs in whole blood

what is the ultrasound analysis of the heart and the blood flow through major vessels

what is a reaction of a mothers Rh antibodies against a fetus Rh + rbcs causing agglutination

what is the rapid, uncontrolled, and uncoordinated spasms of heartr walls, atrial or ventricular

what disease is a condition affecting normal heart rhythm; characterized by imparied communication between the SA and AV node and the ventricular myocardium resulting from damage to conduction pathways caused by mechanical distortion, ischemia, infection or inflammation

what disease is the inherited disorder characterized by inadequate production of clotting factors

what disease is the abnormally high blood pressure

what disease is blood pressure that is too low

what disease is low tissue oxygen levels

what disease are cancers of the red bone marrow in which abnoraml production of one or more white blood cells

what disease  occurs when mitral valve cusps don't close properly caused by papillary muscle malfunciton or chordea tendinae being to long or to short

what is a black flow of blood called

what type of disease infects b lymphocytes by the epstein virus

what type of disease alters lymphocytes which then are attacked by other wbc's causing fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes

what disease has prolonged heart attacks due to blood flow to the heart and causes cell death

what disease is the inflammation of a vein

what disease is when heart valves become thickened and stiffen into a partially closed position

what is a metal, mesh tube insereted into a vessel to hold it open called

what is a blood clot called

what is it called when a drifting blood clot lodges in a blood vessel, blocking circulation