Forensics- Serology

an alternate form of a gene

cell structure that contains genetic information along strands of DNA

a molecule labeled with a radioactive isotope  dye, or enzyme that is used to locate a particular sequence or gene on a DNA molecule

a method of separating molecules, such as DNA, according to their size and electrical charge using an electric current passed through a gel containing the samples

segment of DNA in a chromosome that contains information used to produce a protein or an RNA molecule

(polymerase chain reaction( a method to repidily make multiple copies of a specific segment of DNA

a molecule that cuts a DNA molecule at a specific base sequence

(short tandem repeat) tandem repeats of short DNA sequences with varying numbers of repeats found among individuals

(variable number of tandem repeats) tandem repeats of a short DNA sequence with verifying numbers of repeats among individuals

the clumping of molecules or cells caused by an antigen-antibody reactions

proteins secreted by white blood cells that attach to antigens

any foreign substance or cell in the body that reacts with antibodies

secondary drops formed when some blood breaks free from the main contact drop of blood

a substance composed of long chains of repeating units

a molecule made up of sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

serum with antibodies used for injection into other animals to provide immunity to a specific disease

deoxyribonucleic acid; main component of chromosomes and material transfers genetic characteristics in all life forms

pattern of DNA fragments obtained by examining a person's unique sequence of DNA base pairs

an antibody that reacts with its specific antigen to form an insoluble precipitate

a cell, tissue, or organ that creates a secretion

the study of the chemistry of the blood

component in blood that is neither a blood cell or a clotting factor

is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in most eukaryotic cell

large biological molecules consisting of one or more chains of amino acids

copying something

restriction fragment length polymorphism, or RFLP (commonly pronounced “rif-lip”), is a technique that exploits variations in homologous DNA sequences

calculated from the measurement of the opposite side which is the width and the length is hypotenuse of the blood stain

It is well known that gunshot wounding can produce fine droplets of blood spattered in a forward direction

Wet blood tends to move to the end of an object, where it pools; the drops after this

caused by high veloctiy impact, small droplets; misting

A bloodstain pattern that is caused by a low velocity impact/force to a blood source.

drops caused by medium impact velocity

the droplet from which satellite spatter originated

A spray or splash of something

The transfer of blood from a moving source onto a unstained surface

A bloodstain pattern created when a wet, bloody surface comes in contact with a second surface

Having no legal force or validity; null

The event creating the original stain occurred before the event

the pointed edges of a stain that radiate out to form the spatter