protein substances that increase the colloid oncotic pressure
colloid oncotic pressure
another name for oncotic pressure
form of osmotic pressure exerted by protein in blood plasma that normally tends to pull water into the circulatory system
crystalloids
substances in a solution that diffuse through a semipermeable membrane
dehydration
excessive loss of water from the body tissues
accompanied by an imbalance in the concentrations of essential electrolytes, particularly sodium, potassium, and chloride
edema
the abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces
extracellular fluid (ECF)
that portion of the body fluid comprising the interstitial fluid and blood plasma
extravascular fluid (EVF)
fluid in the body that is outside the blood vessels
hydrostatic pressure (HP)
pressure exerted by a liquid
hyperkalemia
an abnormally high potassium concentration in the blood
most often due to defective renal excretion but can also be due to excessive dietary potassium
hypernatremia
an abnormally high sodium concentration in the blood
may be due to defective renal excretion but is more commonly caused by excessive dietary sodium or replacement therapy
hypokalemia
condition in which there is an inadequate amount of potassium in the bloodstream
hyponatremia
condition in which there is an inadequate amount of sodium in the blood stream
caused by inadequate excretion of water or by excessive water intake
Interstitial fluid (ISF)
the extracellular fluid that fills the spaces between most of the cells in the body
Intracellular fluid (ICF)
fluid located within the cell membranes throughout most of the body
contains dissolved solutes that re essential to maintaing electrolyte balance and healthy metabolism
Isotonic
having the same concentration of a solute as another solution
same osmotic pressure
osmotic pressure
pressure produced by a solution necessary to prevent the osmotic passage of solvent into it when the solution and solvent are separated by a semipermeable membrane
serum
clear, cell-free portion of the blood from which fibrinogen has also been separated during the clotting process