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Muscle
function, location
- •Functions: movement
- •Locations: attached to bone, walls of blood vessels and viscera
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Muscle
composition and types
- •Composition: contains contracting proteins: actin and myosin which if regularly arranged will make the muscle appear striated
- •Types:
- –Skeletal
- –Cardiac
- –Smooth
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Muscle classification according to...structure
- –Striated: Skeletal and Cardiac
- –Non-striated: Smooth
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Muscle classification according to...function
- –Voluntary: Skeletal
- –Involuntary: Cardiac and Smooth
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Skeletal muscle
- •Striated, multinucleated fibers
- •
- •Voluntary
- –Fastest contracting muscle
- •
- •Location: attached to bones
- •
- •Multinucleate
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Cardiac muscle
- •Striated, one centrally located nucleus per cell, intercalated discs at lateral ends
- –Cells often form a branched layer
- –Intercalated discs- increase transmission of ATP
- •Involuntary
- •Location: Myocardium of the heart
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Smooth muscle
- •Non-striated, spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nucleus
- –Usually in layers
- –Slowest contracting muscle
- •Involuntary
- •Location: Walls of blood vessels and viscera (except heart)
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Nervous Tissue
function and composition
- •Functions: to monitor and respond to changes in the environment
- •Composition:
- –Neuron -- the functional unit of the nervous system
- –Neuroglia including Schwann cells -- supportive cells
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Nervous tissue
location
- –CNS (brain and cord)
- –PNS (nerves and ganglia outside CNS)
- •Somatic NS -- controls contraction of skeletal muscle
- •Autonomic NS -- controls contraction of cardiac and smooth muscle
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Neuron
Composition and types
- •Composition:
- –Cell Body or Soma
- –Processes
- •Dendrite(s)
- •Axon
- •Types:
- –Sensory (afferent)
- –Motor (efferent)
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