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What 1970's invention spurred SunBelt cities in the South to grow and build high rises?
Air Conditioning
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What new legislation was passed at the time of Jimmy Carter's election to governor in the 1970's?
The restriction of a 4-year term
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Which two Georgians became leaders in getting representation in the House and Senate?
- Carl Vinson, Congressman
- Richard Russell, Senator
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What were three major milestones in George Busbee's term as governor from 1974-1982?
- convinced legislature to succeed himself
- credited with explosion of white-collar businesses in Georgia (1 million new employers)
- increased state budget to 1 billion
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Who had the longest run as Lieutenant Governor?
Zell Miller (1974-1990)
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What was Joe Frank Harris's significance of being elected governor in 1982?
- He was the first elected governor from north Georgia
- he revamped the K-12 education
- he developed an environmental agenda
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Name seven reasons why Georgia spiked in population after the 1970's.
- tax incentives
- competition with other states
- property and income taxes were put into infrastructure
- unions were weak (right-to-work state)
- ancillary avenues (recreation at local level)
- sound business community
- local Democrats didn't follow national Democrats
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How did Zell Miller win the gubernatorial election in 1990?
- he beat Johnny Isackson
- took positions and changed his mind "Zig Zag Zell"
- created Georgia Lottery
- won Cobb and Gwinnett's votes
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Which governor got the state flag changed? Who almost lost their election to the flag debate?
Roy Barnes (1998); it almost cost Zell Miller his election
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As far as bond ratings, what does Georgia rank higher than other states in?
- Livability Index
- Teachers' salary
- GDP
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What are the things that a local government can do?
- tax
- elect its leaders
- pass legislation
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Name seven things that ALL counties MUST have
- police
- fire
- school system
- county seat
- tax commissioner
- sheriff
- a government
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What are the four duties of a sheriff?
- In charge of jailing
- serving warrants
- protecting the courthouse
- peace officer
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What is the difference between a prison and a jail and what problem does Georgia currently face because of this distinction?
- A prison is a state facility for felons; a jail is for local offenders and holds people who break state laws; however, the courts system is backed up to where jails are overcrowded with felons in holding until their conviction
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What are the four types of county government?
- County Administrative
- Traditional County Commission
- DeKalb County (Elected Executive)
- Single Member Commission (mostly in North GA)
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What things do cities provide?
- parks
- sanitation (possibly)
- local roads
- lights
- water (possibly)
- health department
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What is the fourth type of local government and where are the three of these in Georgia?
The Three Consolidated Governments are in Columbus, Athens, and Augusta.
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What are three reasons that cities annex?
- population growth
- more tax reveue
- vacant, barren land to build on that can be bought cheap
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Where is the only consolidated school system in Georgia?
Mitchell-Baker
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Where do local governments get their money?
- property taxes (largest source of revenue)
- sales taxes
- special taxes (LOST)
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Who is the preside r of the House and Senate?
- Speaker - House
- Lieutenant Governor- Senate
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How do bills become law?
- They have to pass in both the House and Senate
- Sent to Governor to pass into law
- Local bills must be passed in a certain location (need 91 votes to pass)
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What are the two types of Resolutions?
- Constitutional Amendment- 2/3 vote needed to pass
- Housekeeping/Privilege- study committee or praise to someone
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What are the two ways that a bill can be changed?
- Amendment- extra sentence
- Substitute- many changes
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What are the three types of courts?
- Supreme Court- chief court of seven elected judges
- Court of Appeals- 9 elected judges that argue law cases over three districts
- Trial Court- start of any judicial process; argues facts
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What are the two types of trial cases?
- Civil- handles disputes between two parties (no State involved)
- Criminal- laws against society; prosecuted by State
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What are the two types of criminal law?
- Misdemeanor- jail time under one year; presidied over by Solicitor; tried in State court
- Felony- jail time over one year; Superior Court
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Who is the presiding officer in the Judicial Court and what does he do?
District Attorney (elected every 4 years partisan; he puts together the grand jury
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What all does the Governor do?
- appoints ALL local and State judges
- Appoints power and Boards
- starts debate on and sets budget
- sign, vetos, and line-item vetos bills
- "Face of the State"
- sets agenda for the State
- represents State when negotiating with other States
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What are the three types of issues the Governor has to deal with?
- Perennial- issues that come up every year (MUST HANDLE) (ex. budget, education, transportation, Medicaid, unemployment, clean air and water
- Transitory- arrives every so often (opposite of perennial ex. Gay marriage, water wars, drought, abortion, flag, Dome financing)
- Cyclical- come around periodically, hangs around for a while, and goes away (ex. immigration)
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Why didn't Roy Barnes get elected to a second term?
He treated a Silical issue (flag) as if it were a Perennial issue
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What does the Secretary of State do?
- keeps us out of war
- elections
- licensing of corporations
- joint secretary office
- boxing commission
- conceals State seal
- Archives Division
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Which elected Executive is in charge of regulating companies and their policies?
Insurance Commissioner
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What is the Education Superintendent in charge of?
- State Department of Education (K-12)
- certifying teachers
- educational standards
- certifying salary
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Which is the only Executive Department that has a board?
Education
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Which offices are appointed in the Exec. Branch?
- Department of Natural Resources
- Community Affairs
- Health and Human Services
- Community Health
- Behavioral Health
- National Guard
- Transportation
- Board of Regents
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What does the Public Service Commission do?
- regulates utilities (electricity, natural gas, landlines) to keep monopolies
- set utility rates of utility companies
- set out areas you can operate
- regulate interstate commerce
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What does EMC stand for?
Electric Membership Corporation
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Name the Georgia Governors from 1955 to today.
- Marvin Griffin ('55-'59)
- Ernest Vandiver ('59-'63)
- Carl Sanders ('63-'67)
- Lester Maddox ('67-'71)
- Jimmy Carter ('71-'75)
- George Busbee ('75-'83)
- Joe Frank Harris ('83-'91)
- Zell Miller ('91-'99)
- Roy Barnes ('99-'03)
- Sonny Perdue ('03-'11)
- Nathan Deal ('11- )
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Who is the most powerful and most high-ranking State Senator?
Senator Pro Tempt
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