Med Term chp5 Cardiovascular system

• lower than normal number of erythrocytes in the blood.
• decrease of hemoglobin in the blood.

localized balloon like enlargement in the artery wall.

(angina) severe episodes of chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium.

picture or records of a blood vessel.

• the largest blood vessel in the body.
• Left ventricle of the heart and forms main trunk of the arterial system.

surgical narrowing of the aortic valve.

lower tip of the heart.

loss of normal rhythm of heart beat.

surgical removal of the artery

necrotic artery due lack of oxygen to the tissue

abnormal hardening of the artery due to excess plaque build up

• complete lack of electrical activity in the heart.
• Lack of heart contractions leading to insufficient blood supply and blood flow.

surgical removal of a fatty substance, or plaque.

abnormal hardening of plaque or fatty substance.

rapid, irregular, and twitching of the muscular heart wall.

• receives impulses from SA node which is transferred to Bundle of His.
• Location: floor of the RA near interatrial septum.

least common WBC which is responsible for allergic reactions.

• has 2 cusps
• Location: LEFT atrium & LEFT ventricle.

• normally dissolved in the liquid portion of the blood.
• oxygen
• carbon dioxide
• nitrogen

measurement of the amount of systolic/diastolic pressure exerted against walls of the arteries.

condition of slow resting heart rate.

• group of fibers located within the interventricular septum.
• electric impulses travel to L/R ventricles to Purkinje fibers.

lack of blood flow and oxygen to heart muscle.

physician who specializes in Dx/Tx abnormalities and disorders of the heart.

abnormal enlargement of the heart.

Pertaining to the heart and blood vessels.

surgical removal of the lining of the or a portion of a clogged carotid artery.

fatty substance that is found in the blood and other parts of the body.

• Location: both sides of the neck
• Function: major arteries that carry blood to the head.

• most common in elderly.
• The heart is not able to pump out all the blood it receives.
• Decreased pumping=congestion.

procedure performed with a fiberoptic camera through small openings of the ribs.

use of electrical shock to restore the heart's normal rhythm.

deficient in oxygen

relaxation of the heart

disease of the heart muscle that causes the heart to become enlarged and pump less strongly.

medication used to increase urine secretion to rid the body of salt and water.

process of recording the electrical impulses and activity of myocardium.

sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus (foreign object).

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart.

• consists of epithelial tissue
• INNER LINING OF THE HEART.

• WBC
• formed in RBM
• destroy parasitic organisms
• play a major role in allergic reactions

• EXTERNAL layer of the heart
• INNER layer of the pericaridum

• matured RBCs produced in the RBM.
• transport oxygen to tissues.

brings blood to the face.

rapid, uncontrolled heartbeat

• also known as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.
• blockage of one or more arteries caused by plague build up.

physician who specializes in Dx/Tx of abnormalities, diseases, disorders of the blood or blood forming tissues.

pertaining to the breakdown of RBCs

loss of large amount of blood in a short time.

stop or control bleeding.

elevated levels of cholesterol and other fatty substances in the blood

high blood pressure; elevation of arterial blood pressure.

• lower than normal blood pressure.
• Symptoms include dizziness.

• consistently elevated blood pressure with unknown cause.
• primary hypertension

sudden insufficiency of blood

drains blood from lower extremities to the heart.

septum that separates the R/L atrium.

brings oxygen to the brain

separates the R/L ventricles

condition of insufficient supply of oxygen in tissues due to restricted blood flow to the part of the body.

• also known as pulmonary edema; accumulation of fluid in the lungs.
• left side of the heart is unable to pump oxygenated blood from the lung.

cancer characteristic of abnormal increase of WBC found in the blood, tissues, and/or circulating blood.

• WBC
• defends body against infective organisms.

opening within the blood vessels

• formed in the RBM, spleen, and lymph nodes.
• they identify foreign substances and germs then produce antibodies that specifically target them.

• also known as BICUSPID VALVE.
• located LA/LV
• has 2 cusps

falling or dropping down of an affected valve (mitral)

• also known as a HEART ATTACK.
• caused by blockage of one or more coronary arteries caused by plaque build up.

also known as the MYOCARDIUM

• inflammation of the myocardium.
• can develop as a complication of a viral infection.

• middle and thickest layer of the heart.
• creates pumping movement that is necessary to maintain the blood flow throughout the body.

• WBC formed in the RBM, spleen, and lymph nodes.
• they destroy pathogens through phagocytosis (engulf and digest).

• referred to SA node (sinoatrial node)
• it establishes the basic rhythm and rate of the heart.

• most common type of WBC
• defense against pathogens by surrounding and swallowing.

total blockage

rich in oxygen

stimulation of the atria (contraction)

pounding, racing heart beat.

fibrous sac that surrounds and protects the heart.

episode that begins and ends abruptly which there are very rapid regular heartbeats originating in the atrium or AV node.

flow of blood through the vessels of an organ

• between the parietal and visceral pericardium.
• it acts as a lubricant to prevent friction as the heart beats.

double walled membranous sac that encloses the heart.

• inflammation of the percardium.
• accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac.
• excess fluid can restrict the heart to beat.

caused by atherosclerosis

process of destroying pathogens by surrounding and swallowing them.

inflammation of the vein due to infiltrated walls forming a clot.

fatty deposit found within the lumen of an artery.

• removal of whole blood from the body
• separation of blood's cellular elements.

falling or dropping down of an organ or internal part.

pertaining to the lungs

blood flow between the heart and lungs.

carries deoxygenated blood from RV and into the lungs

carry oxygenated blood from lungs to LA

• also known as left sided heart failure.
• inefficient pumping of oxygen rich blood from the lungs into the RA.
• accumulation of fluid=congestion.

stimulation of ventricles (contraction) as the atria relaxes.

about 15% of Americans do not have the Rh antigen.

about 85% of Americans have the Rh antigen.

• fluid build up through the rest of the body.
• The right side of the heart is unable to pump causing edema of the lower extremeties.

• Location: posterior wall of RA near the entrance of superior vena cava.
• it is also known as "natural pacemaker" since it establishes the basic rhythm and rate of the heart.

• Location: between the RV and pulmonary artery
• it allows deoxygenated blood to flow to the lungs for gas exchange.

• Location: LV & aorta
• allows oxygen rich blood to flow through into the aorta and carried out to the rest of the body.

• condition where bacteria is found in the blood leading to severe infections.
• "septic"

transports deoxygenated blood from upper portion of the body into the RA.

contraction of the heart.

recovery of ventricles; relaxation

• specialized conductive fibers that receive impulses from Bundle of His to cells within the ventricles causing CONTRACTION.
• Location: within walls of ventricles.

• abnormally rapid resting heart rate
• 100+ beats per min.

platelets which play an important role in clotting.

abnormal increase of platelets in the blood.

PT to the breakdown of a thrombus or clot.

abnormal condition of having a thrombus

a blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein.

• has 3 cusps
• controls blood flow from RA to RV.

surgical repair (replacement) of a valve

abnormally swollen veins usually occurring in the superficial veins of the legs.

PT to the blood vessels

inflammation of a blood vessel

condition of narrowing, stiffening, thickening blockage of one or more veins.

• two lower chambers of the hert
• divided by the interventricular septum
• has thicker walls to pump blood out to the rest of the body.

• consist of rapid, irregular useless contractions of the ventricles.
• Atrium chambers are pumping regularly.

rapid heartbeat that begins with the ventricles

• inner layer
• also forms outer layer over the epicardium

the abnormal protrusion of a heart valve that results in the inability of the valve to close completely.

low BP when standing up

insufficient production of one or more blood cells.

caused by lack of protein that helps the body absorb vitamin B12.

genetic disorder of intestines absorbing too much iron.

prevents new clots from forming

prevents clots from producing or forming more clots

• vasodilator that is prescribed to prevent or relieve pain of agina by dilating blood vessels.
• increases blood flow and oxygen supply.

• antihypertensive
• relaxes vessels to decrease elevated BP.
• blocks the action of an enzyme that causes vessels to contract.

• reduces the workload of the heart by slowing the rate of the heartbeat.
• antihypertensive

• balloon angioplasty
• small balloon that flattens the plaque deposit in the artery.

condition when stent no longer works and requires a new replacement.

• also known as bypass surgery
• a piece of vein from leg or chest is implanted into the heart to replace a blocked coronary artery.

use of electrical shock to restore heart's normal rhythm.

emergency procedure for life support consisting of artificial respiration and manual external cardiac compression.

removal of whole blood from the body and separation of blood's cellular elements.

plasma without clotting proteins.

has antigen A and B antibodies

has antigen B and A antibodies

has AB antigens and NO ANTIBODIES

• no antigens
• CANNOT receive type A, B, AB blood

caused by athersclerosis