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acute rheumatic fever
a systemic connective tissue disease occurring after streptococcal pharyngitis or skin infections
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angina
- substernal pain or intense pressure radiating to the neck, jaw, and/or arms
- caused by myocardial ischemia
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atherosclerotic heart disease
condition caused by deposits of cholesterol and/or other lipids and by a complex inflammatory process
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atria
reservoirs for blood returning to heart
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atrial septal defect
congenital defect in the septum dividing the left and right atria
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bacterial endocarditis
bacterial infection of the endothelial layer of the heart and valves
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cardiac tamponade
excessive accumulation of effused fluids or blood between the pericardium
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congestive heart failure
a condition in which the heart fails to propel blood forward with its usual force resulting in congestion in the pulmonary or systemic circulation
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cor pulmonale
enlargement of the right ventricle secondary to pulmonary malfunction
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diastole
phase of the cardiac cycle during which the ventricles dilates
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fallot
a congenital syndrome characterized by cyanosis after the neonatal period
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intrinsic
referring to the type of electrical conduction system that makes the heart autonomous
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kawasaki disease
inflammation in the walls of small- and medium-sized arteries throughout the body, including the coronary arteries
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mitral regurgitation
abnormal leaking of blood through the mitral valve, from the left ventricle into the left atrium
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myocardial infarction
ischemic myocardial necrosis secondary to an abrupt decrease in coronary blood flow
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myocarditis
focal or diffuse inflammation of the myocardium
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myocardium
- middle layer of the heart
- responsible for the pumping action of the heart
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patent ductus arteriosus
failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth
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pericarditis
sudden inflammation of the pericardium
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PMI
- point of maximal impulse
- location where apical pulse is most readily seen or felt
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pericardium
double-walled, fibrous sac encasing the heart
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purkinje fibers
fibers of the ventricular myocardium that conduct the electrical impulses in the heart
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regurgitation
backward flow of blood
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rheumatic fever
- systemic connective tissue desase
- commonly occurs after streptococcal pharyngitis or skin infection
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senile cardiac amyloidosis
condition caused by deposits of amyloid, fibrillary protein produced by chronic inflammation or neoplastic disease
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sick sinus syndrome
an arrhythmia caused by a malfunction of the sinus node
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sinoatrial node
small mass of cardiac muscle fibers where the heart's impulse of stimulation originates
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still murmur
an ausculatory sound occurring in healthy children 3 to 7 years of age
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systole
contraction phase of the cardiac cycle
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tetrology of fallot
syndrome consisting of four cardiac defects: ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, dextroposition of the aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy
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thrill
fine, palpable, rushing vibration
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ventricular septal defect
an opening between the left and right ventricles of the heart
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