Bronchodilators and Other Respiratory Drugs

•  Dilate by stimulating the beta2-adrenergic receptors

Bronchial asthma, bronchitis, other pulmonary diseases

uncontrolled cardiac dysrhythmias, and high risk of stroke

Insomnia, restlessness, anorexia, cardiac simulation, hyperglycemia, tremor, vascular headache

Block acetylcholine receptors to prevent bronchoconstriction

Prevention of the bronchospasm associated with chronic bronchitis or emphysema

allergy to atropine or soy lecithin or peanuts, soybeans, or other legumes

Dry mouth or throat, nasal congestion, heart palpitations, GI distress, urinary retention, increased intraocular pressure, headache, coughing, anxiety

• Increase the levels of energy-producing substance cAMP
• Competitively inhibiting phosphodiestrerase, which is responsible for breaking down cAMP

Asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema

uncontrolled cardiac dysrhythmias, seizures disorders, hyperthyroidism, and peptic ulcer

• Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia
• Sinus tachycardia, extrasystole, palpitations, ventricular dysrhythmias

• First class- inhibits the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase which is necessary for leukotriene synthesis
• Second class- binds to leukotriene receptor subtypes

• Prophylaxis and long term treatment of asthma in adults and children older than age 12
• Montelukast is approved for use in children ages 2 and older, and for treatment of allergic rhinitis

Headaches, dyspepsia, nausea, dizziness, insomnia, liver dysfunction

headache, nausea, diarrhea, liver dysfunction

• Stabilize membranes of cells that releases harmful bronchoconstricting substances
• Increase responsiveness of bronchial smooth muscle to beta-adrenergic stimulation
• Reduce inflammation and enhance activity of beta agonists

Bronchospastic disorders that aren’t controlled by conventional bronchodilators

Candida organism infection, systemic fungal infection

• Pharyngeal irritation, coughing, dry mouth, oral fungal infections