Paramedic school

• Time
• Distance
• Shielding

• Hypothermia
• Hypovolemia
• Eschar-hard leathery product of full thickness burns
• Infection
• Organ failure
• Special factors-Health and age

• Used to know how fluid to give to a pt over time
•  4mLxbody weight in KGx % of total body area burned

• Hour formula
• .25x kg x %TAB

• Partial thickness greater than 15%
• Full-thickness greater than 5%
• Significant burns to the face,feet,hands, and perineal area
• Inhalation Injuries
• Chemical Burns
• Associated signifcant injuries

Acid-usually form thick insoluble mass where they contact tissue.

Alkalis- continue to destroy cell membranes through liquefaction,necrosis, allowing them to penetrate underlying tissue and causing deeper burns.

Type of brain injury characterized by shearing stretching and tearing of nerve fibers with subsequent axonal damage

Anterograde- Can not remeber events that occured after the trauma that caused the condition.

Retrograde- Can not remember events that occured befoe the trauma that caused the condition.

Response to cerebral ischemia that causes an increase in systemic blood pressure, which maintains cerbral perfusion during increased ICP

Breathing pattern of alertnating periods of apena and tachypnea

The combination of increasing blood pressure, slowing pulse,and erratic respirations in response to increased ICP

• Alpha
• Bata
• Gamma

Active-requires the use of energy

Passive-Requires no energy(Osmosis&Diffusion)

• Sodium
• Potassium
• Calcium
• Magnesium

• Chloride
• Bicarbonate
• Phosphate

• PH 7.35-7.45 Below life 6.9-7.8
• Pco2- 35-45
• HCO3- 22-26

• Diuretics
• Vomiting
• Ant-acid overdose

• Hyperventation
• Anxiety
• Asprin O/D

• COPD
• Narcotic O/D
• Diabetic
• CHF

• Increase in exercise
• Cardiac arrest
• DKA
• Alcoholics
• Renal Failure

• Cardiac
• Nero
• Hypovolomic
• Septic
• Anaphalactic

• Fentanyl
• Narcan
• Adovan
• Verssed

• Lactaed ringers
• normal saline

• Constricting band still in place
• Edema at site
• Against vein wall
• IV bag to low
• No longer in vein
• IV bag height

• Pain
• local infection
• allergic reaction
• catheter shear

Place in trendelumburg

45 degrees

• Buffer-first
• Respirtory kicks in second 2-3 min
• Renal(metabolic) last, longer acting

• Altered mental status
• Shortness of breath
• Retractions
• Cyanosis
• Aubilbe sounds
• Abnormal rate and pattern

Decorticate-arms flexed to core, legs extended

Decrebrate- arms and legs extended

compression fractures of the spine

Adult's- 60%

Peds- 80%

• Less than 15 %
• Vasoconstriction Increased
• Pulse rate increase

15-25% blood loss

25-35% blood loss

Greater than 35% blood loss

Diffusion-The movement of solute in the solution.

Osmosis- the movement of the solvent usually water.

Deltoid- up to 2mL

outer and medal thigh- Up to 5 ML

Plays a major role in water distribution because water is attracted to and moves sodium.

Abnormal increase in relative amount of sodium is hypernatremia.

Abnormally high Potassium

Low potassium Hypokalemia

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

Progressive imparment of 2 or more organ systems resulting from an uncontrolled inflammatory response to severe illness or injury.

Etomidate/Amidate

Midazolam/Versed

Protocols- the policies and procedures for all componets of an EMS system/Standing orders-preauthorized treatment procedures: type of treatment protocol

QA/QI process

Cricoid pressure- Pressure applied by someone other than the person preforming the intubation to prevent vomit from entering the airway.

BURP- Backward,UPward, Right, Pressure- Used by the person preforming the the intubation to see the vocal cords better.

Vasoprin

From: Posterior pituitary

• Action:  Increase peripheral vasc resistance
• Increase water retention
• Splenic vasoconstriction

From: Adreal gland

Action: renal retention od Na and water

From: Adrenal gland

Action: Vasoconstriction, Incrrease heart rate and contractility

from Kidneys

Action: Potent Vasconstrictor, Stimulates release of ADH,aldosterone and epinephrine

phase 1- Vascular phase- constriction

Phase 2- Platelet phase- Aggregation

Phase 3- Coagulation phase-fibrin release 

Movement of the site

Aggressive fluid therapy

Temperature changes

Medications- Asprin, ibuprofen(NSAIDS), Heparin,plaix, coumadin/warfarin

Peripheral Vasoconstriction

Increased contractile force

Decreased heart rate(Negative chrontropic effect)

Decreased catacholamines in cirrulation(Vasodiliation and drecreased blood pressure)

bronchodilation

Uterine smooth muscle relaxation

Gastrointestinal smooth muscle relaxtion