Rapid Review: Presentations

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  1. -Abdominal Pain
    -Ascites
    -Hepatomegaly
    • Budd-Chiari Syndrome
    • (Post-hepatic venous thrombosis)
  2. Achilles tendon xanthoma
    • Familial Hypercholesterolemia
    • (↓ LDLR signaling)
  3. -Adrenal Hemorrhage
    -hypotension
    -DIC
    • Waterhouse-Friderichesen Syndrome
    • (Meningococemia)
  4. -Arachnodactyly
    -Lens dislocation
    -Aortic Dissection
    -Hyperflexible joints
    • Marfan's Syndrome
    • (fibrillin defect)
  5. -athlete with polycythemia
    Secondary to EPO injection
  6. -back pain
    -fever
    -night sweats
    -weight loss
    • Pott's Disease
    • (vertebral TB)
  7. -billateral hilar adenopathy
    -uveitis
    Sarcoidoisis
  8. -blue sclera
    • Osteogenesis Imperfectica
    • (type I collagen defect)
  9. -bluish line on gingiva
    • Burton's line
    • (lead poisoning)
  10. -bone pain
    -bone enlargement
    -arthritis
    • Paget's disease of bone
    • (increase osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity)
  11. -bounding pulses
    -diastolic heart murmur
    -head bobbing
    Aortic Regurgitation
  12. -butterfly facial rash
    -raynaud's phenomenon
    -in young female
    SLE
  13. -cafe-au-lait spots
    -lisch nodules (iris hamartomas)
    • NF1
    • +pheochromocytoma
    • +optic gliomas
  14. -cafe-au-lait spots
    -polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
    -precocious puberty
    -multiple endocrine abnormalities
    • McCune-Albright Syndrome
    • (mosaic G protein signaling mutation)
  15. -calf pseudohypertrophy
    • Muscular dystrophy (most commonly Duchenne's)
    • -Xlinked recessive deletion of dystrophin
  16. -Cherry red spot on macula
    • Tay Sachs
    • Neimann Pick
    • Central retinal artery occlusion
  17. -chest pain on exertion
    • Angina
    • -stable (with exercise)
    • -unstable (with minimal exertion)
  18. -chest pain
    -pericardial effusion/friction rub
    -persistent fever
    -following MI (1-12 weeks)
    Dressler's syndrome
  19. -child uses arms to stand up from squat
    Duchenne's (Gower's sign)
  20. -child with fever develops red rash on fever that spreads to body
    • Parvo B19 → Erythema Infectiousum/Fifth disease
    • "slapped cheeks"
  21. -chorea
    -dementia
    -caudate degeneration
    Huntington's Disease
  22. -chronic exercise intolerance
    -myalgia
    -fatigue
    -painful cramps
    -myoglobinuria
    • McArdle's Disease
    • (muscle glyocgen phosphorylase deficiency)
  23. -Cold intolerance
    Hypothyroidism
  24. -conjugate lateral gaze palsy
    -horizontal diplopia
    • Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (damage to MLF)
    • -bilateral: MS
    • -unilateral: stroke
  25. -continuous "machinery" heart murmur
    • PDA
    • -close with indomethacin
    • -open or maintain misoprostol
  26. -cutaneous/dermal edema
    -due to connective tissue deposition
    • Myxedema
    • -hypothyroidism
    • -Graves (pretibial)
  27. -dark purple skin/mouth nodules
    • Kaposi's sarcoma (AIDS patients)
    • -HHV8
  28. -deep labored breathing/hyperventilation
    Kussmaul breathing (DKA)
  29. -dermatitis
    -dementia
    -diarrhea
    • Pellegra
    • (niacin deficiency)
  30. -dilated cardiomyopathy
    -edema
    -alcoholism or malnutrition
    Wet Beriberi (thiamin deficiency)
  31. -dog or cat bite resulting in infection
    • Pasteurella multocida
    • (cellulitis at inoculation site)
  32. -dry eyes
    -dry mouth
    -arthritis
    • Sjorgern's syndrome
    • (autoimmune destruction of exocrine glands)
  33. -dysphagia (esophageal web)
    -glossitis
    -iron deficiency anemia
    • Plummer-Vinson Syndrome
    • (may progress to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma)
  34. -elastic skin
    -hypermobility of joints
    • Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
    • (Type III collagen defects)
  35. -enlarged, hard left supraclavicular nodule
    • Virchow's Node
    • (abdominal metastasis)
  36. -erythroderma
    -lymphadenopathy
    -hepatosplenomegaly
    -atypical T cells
    • Sezary Syndrome (cutaneous T cell lymphoma)
    • Mycosis Fungoides
  37. -facial muscle spasm upon tapping
    Chvostek's sign (hypocalcemia)
  38. -fat
    -female
    -forty
    -fertile
    Cholelithiasis (gallstones)
  39. -fever
    -chills
    -HA
    -myalgia
    -following abx tx for syphilis
    • Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
    • (rapid lysis of spirochetes results in toxin release)
  40. -fever
    -cough
    -conjunctivitis
    -coryza (sx of a cold)
    -diffuse rash
    Measles (Morbillivirus)
  41. -fever
    -night sweats
    -weight loss
    B symptoms of lymphoma
  42. -fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis
    Peyronie's disease
  43. -gout
    -mental retardation
    -self-mutilating behaviour
    -in a boy
    Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (HGPRT deficiency)
  44. -green-yellow rings around peripheral cornea
    Kayser-Fleischer rings (Wilson's Disease)
  45. -hamartomatous GI polyps
    -hyperpigmentation of mouth/feet/hands
    Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
  46. -hepatosplenomegaly
    -osteoporosis
    -neurologic sx
    Gaucher's disease (glucocerebrosidase deficiency)
  47. -hereditary nephritis
    -sensorineural hearing loss
    -cataracts
    Alport syndrome
  48. -hyperphagia
    -hypersexuality
    -hyperorality
    -hyperdocility
    • Kluver Bucy Syndrome
    • (lesion of bilateral amydala)
  49. -hyperreflexia
    -hypertonia
    -Babinski sign
    UMN lesion
  50. -hyporeflexia
    -hypotonia
    -atrophy
    -fasciculations
    LMN lesion
  51. -hypoxemia
    -polycythemia
    -hypercapnia
    Blue Bloater (chronic bronchitis)
  52. -indurated, ulcerated genital lesion
    • Non-painful: chancre (primary syphilis)
    • Painful with exudate: chanchroid (H. ducreyi)
  53. -infant
    -cleft lip/palate
    -microcephaly or holoprosencephaly
    -polydactyly
    -cutis aplasia (congenital absence of skin)
    Patau's syndrome (trisomy 13)
  54. -infant
    -failure to thrive
    -hepatosplenomegaly
    -neurodegeneration
    Niemann-Pick disease
  55. -infant
    -hypoglycemia
    -failure to thrive
    -hepatomegaly
    Cori's Disease (branching enzyme deficiency)
  56. -infant
    -microcephaly
    -rocker-bottom feet
    -clenched hands
    -structural heart defect
    Edward's syndrome (trisomy 18)
  57. -jaundice
    -palpable distended, non-tender gallbladder
    Courvoisier's sign (distal obstruction of biliary tree)
  58. -large rash with bull's eye appearance
    • Lyme Disease (erythema chronicum migrans)
    • (borrelia)
  59. -lucid interval after traumatic brain injury
    Epidural hematoma
  60. -male child
    -recurrent infections
    -no B cells
    Burton's disease (X-linked agammaglobulinemia)
  61. -mucosal bleeding
    -prolonged bleeding time
    Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia (lack of GpIIb/IIIa)
  62. -muffled heart sounds
    -distended neck vens
    -hypotension
    • Cardiac tamponade
    • (Beck's triad)
  63. -multiple colonic polyps
    -osteomas/soft tissue tumors
    -impacted/supernumerary teeth
    Gardner's Syndrome (of FAP)
  64. -myopathy (infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)
    -exercise intolerance
    Pompe's Disease
  65. -neonate with arm paralysis following difficult birth
    Erb-Duchenne palsy (superior trunk C5-C6 brachial plexy injury)
  66. -no lactation post-partum
    -absent menstruation
    -cold intolerance
    Sheehan's Syndrome (pituitary infarction)
  67. -nystagmus
    -intention tremor
    -scanning speech
    -bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia
    MS
  68. -oscillating fast slow breathing
    • Cheynes-Stokes respirations
    • -central apnea in CHF
    • -increased intracranial pressure
  69. -painful blue fingers/toes
    -hemolytic anemia
    Cold agglutinin disease (autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mononucleosis)
  70. -painful, pale, cold fingers/toes
    Raynaud's Phenomenon
  71. -painful, raised red lesions on pad of fingers/toes
    • Osler's Node
    • -infective endocarditis
    • -immune complex deposition
  72. -painless erythematous lesions on palms and soles
    Janeway lesions (infective endocarditis, septic emboli/microabscesses)
  73. -painless jaundice
    Cancer of pancreatic head obstructing bile duct
  74. -palpable purpura on buttocks/legs
    -joint pain
    -abdominal pain (child)
    -hematuria
    Henoch-Schonlein purpura (IgA vasculitis affecting skin and kidneys)
  75. -pancreatic tumors
    -pituitary tumors
    -parathyroid tumors
    MEN1
  76. -periorbital and/or peripheral edema
    -proteinuria
    -hypoalbuminemia
    -hypercholesterolemia
    Nephrotic Syndrome
  77. -pink complexion
    -dyspnea
    -hyperventilation
    • Pink Puffer (emphysema)
    • -Centriacinar: smoking
    • -Panacinar: a1 antitrypsin deficiency
  78. -polyuria
    -renal tubular acidosis type II
    -growth failure
    -electrolyte imbalances
    -hypophosphatemic rickets
    Fanconi's Syndrome
  79. -positive anterior drawer sign
    ACL injury
  80. -pruritic, purple, polygonal planar papules and plaques
    Lichen planus
  81. -ptosis
    -miosis
    -anhidrosis
    Horner's Syndrome
  82. -pupil accomodates but does not react
    Argyll Robertson pupil (neurosyphilis)
  83. -rapidly progressive leg weakness that ascends following GI/URI
    Guillain-Barre syndrome
  84. -rash on palms and soles
    • -Coxsackie A
    • -secondary syphilis
    • -Rocky Mountain Spotted fever
  85. -recurrent colds
    -unusual eczema
    -high serum IgE
    Hyper-IgE syndrome (Job's syndrome)
  86. -red "currant jelly" sputum in alcoholic or diabetic patients
    Klebsiella pneumoniae
  87. -red "currant jelly" stools
    • Adults: acute mesenteric ischemia
    • Infants: intussusception
  88. -red, itchy, swollen rash of nipple/areola
    Paget's disease of the breast (underlying neoplasm)
  89. -red urine in morning
    -fragile RBCs
    Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
  90. -renal cell carcinoma (bilateral)
    -hemangioblastomas
    -angiomatosis
    -pheochromocytoma
    von Hippel-Lindau disease
  91. -resting tumor
    -rigidity
    -akinesia
    -postural instability
    Parkinson's Disease
  92. -retinal hemorrhages with pale centers
    Roth's spots (bacterial endocarditis)
  93. -severe jaundice in neonate
    Crigler-Najjar syndrome (congenital UC hyperbilirubinemia)
  94. -severe RLQ pain with palpation of LLQ
    Rovsing's sign (acute apendicitis)
  95. -severe RLQ pain with rebound tenderness
    McBurney's sign (appendicitis)
  96. -short stature
    -increased incidence of tumors/leukemia
    -aplastic anemia
    Fanconi's anemia (genetic loss of DNA crosslink repair, often progresses to AML)
  97. -single palmar crease
    Simian crease (Down Syndrome)
  98. -situs inversus
    -chronic sinusitis
    -bronchiectasis
    -infertility
    Kartagener's syndrome (PCD)
  99. -skin hyperpigmentation
    -hypotension
    -fatigue
    Addison's Disease (pirmary adrenocortical insufficiency: causes increased ACTH and MSH production)
  100. -slow, progressive muscle weakness in boys
    Becker muscular dystrophy (X-linked, less severe than Duchenne's)
  101. -small, irregular red spots on buccal/lingual mucosa with blue white centers
    Koplik spots (measles, rubeola)
  102. -smooth, flat, moist, painless white lesions on genitals
    Condylomata lata (secondary syphilis)
  103. -splinter hemorrhages in fingernails
    Bacterial endocarditis
  104. -"strawberry tongue"
    • -scarlet fever
    • -Kawasaki disease
    • -TSS
  105. -streak ovaries
    -congenital heart disease
    -horseshoe kidney
    -cystic hygroma at birth
    -short stature
    -webbed neck
    -lymphedema
    Turner Syndrome (45 XO)
  106. -sudden swollen/painful big toe joint
    -tophi
    Gout/Podagra (hyperuricemia)
  107. -swollen gums
    -mucosal bleeding
    -poor wound healing
    -spots on skin
    Scurvy (vitamin C deficiency)
  108. -swollen, hard, painful finger joints
    • Osteoarthritis
    • -Bouchard's nodes (PIP)
    • -Heberden's nodes (DIP)
  109. -systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo)
    Aortic valve stenosis
  110. -thyroid tumors
    -parathyroid tumors
    -pheochromocytoma
    MEN 2A (AD ret mutation)
  111. -thyroid tumors
    -pheochromocytoma
    -ganglioneuromatosis
    MEN 2B (AD ret mutation)
  112. -toe extension/fanning upon plantar scrape
    Babinski sign (UMN)
  113. -unilateral facial drooping involving forehead
    LMN facial nerve palsy
  114. -urethritis
    -conjunctivitis
    -arthritis
    -in male
    reactive arthritis associated with HLA-B27
  115. -vascular birthmark (port-wine stain)
    • Hemangioma
    • -benign but associated with Sturge-Weber Syndrome
  116. -vomiting blood following GE lacerations
    • Mallory-Weiss syndrome
    • -alcoholic and bulimic patients
  117. -weight loss
    -diarrhea
    -arthritis
    -fever
    -adenopathy
    Whipple's Disease
  118. -"worst HA of my life"
    Subarachnoid hemorrhage

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Author:
 jknell
ID:
 210344
Filename:
 Rapid Review: Presentations
Updated:
2013-03-30 16:57:21
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