The flashcards below were created by user
kyleannkelsey
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
-
Hormones involved in bone formation:
- Insulin
- IGF-1
- Estrogen
- Testosterone
- Calcitonin
- GH
-
Hormones involved in Reabsorption of bone are:
- Parathyroid hormones
- Thyroid hormones
- Cortisol
-
Parathyroid hormone, Cortisol and Thyroid hormones all play what role in bone development how?
reabsoption
-
GH, Insulin, IGF-1, Testosterone, Estrogen, Calcitonin are involved in bone development in what way?
formation
-
Where are the parathyroid glands located?
adjacent to the thyroid gland
-
The parathyroid glands are smaller or larger than the thyroid gland?
smaller
-
How many parathyroid glands does each person have?
4 glands
-
What do the parathyroid glands secrete?
parathormone and parathyrin
-
Parathormone and parathyrin are produced by what glands?
parathyroid glands
-
PTH stands for
parathyrin
-
the abbreviation for parathyrin is:
PTH
-
Wht is parathyrin or parathyromone secreted?
decrease in Ca conc.
-
A decrease in ca concentration causes what glandular reponse?
release of parathyrin ot parathyormone
-
What are the actions of PTH?
- reabsorption fo bone
- formation of Vit. D
- renal tubular absorption of Ca
- decreased excretion of Ca
- decreased reabsorption of K
-
What hormone causes:
Reabsorption of bone
Renal tubular absorption of Ca
formation of Vit. D
deceased excretion fo Ca
decreased reabsorption of K?
PTH
-
What do osteoblasts do?
build bone
-
What bone cells build bone?
Osteoblasts
-
What are osteocytes?
osteoblasts within bone matrix
-
What are osteoblast that are trapped inbone matrix called?
Osteocytes
-
Osteoclasts do what?
break down bone
-
Which bone cell breaks down bone?
Osteoclasts
-
Osteoclasts are stimulated by what hormone?
cortisol
-
Cortisol has what stimulus on bone cells?
It stiulates Osteoclasts to break down bone
-
If Calcium farises above homeostatic levels what gland and hormone corrects this imbalance?
Thyroid gland releases Calcitonin
-
When Ca falls below homeostatic set points what gland and hormone return them to normal levels?
Prathyroid gland and PTH
-
PTH has what effect on blood calcium levels?
raises them
-
Calcitonin has what effect on blood Ca levels?
lowers them
-
PTH and Calcitonin both regulate the reabsorption, uptake and use of Ca in what three major organ systems?
intestines, bones, Kidneys
-
What re the action of Parathormone?
- Increased Ca uptake in the intestines
- in creased Osteoclast activity
- Increased Vit. D formation
- Increased Ca reabsorption in the kidneys
-
What is Activated 1,25 (OH)2D3?
steroid hormone that causes GI cells to express genes to increase Ca uptake
-
Teh end product of Activated 1,25 (OH)2D3 is to:
increase intestinal uptake of Ca
-
When does bone growth cease?
Fusing of epiphyseal growth plates
-
What are the major environmental factors effecting growth?
Disease and nutrition
-
Irreversible stunting of growth can be caused by what?
malnutrition in utero
-
IGF-1 is stimulated by what?
GH
-
IGF-1 is primarily produced where?
The liver
-
What are the effector sites for Ca homeostasis?
bone, Gi and kidneys
-
What is measured to determine Ca homeostasis?
Ca plasma levels
-
what two things regulate Ca absorptiona dn reabsorption?
PTH and Vit. D
-
PTH and Vit. D regulate what?
Ca absorptiona dn reabsorption
|
|