Care of patient with eye and vision problems

-an inflammation of the eyelid edges, itchy, red, burning and Seborrhea of eyebrows and lids 

-occurs in older adults and dry eye syndrome

-reduced tear production leads to bacterial infection b/c tears inhibit bacteria growth

-warm, moist compress followed by gentle scrubbing with dilute baby shampoo

-avoid rubbing eye as can spread infection

excessive secretion of sebum resulting in greasy, itching scaling

-turning inward of the eyelids causing the lashes to rub against the eye.

-demonstrate instillation of eye drops

-leave patch on until appointment with   ophthalmologist

-report any draining or pain, clean surgical site and apply ointment

-turning outward and sagging of the eyelid, occurs with aging, muscle relaxation/weakness

-reduces washing action of tears leading to corneal drying and ulceration (constant tears)

-surgery to correct, care same as with entropion

(stye)

-infection of the sweat glands in the eyelid (external hordeolum) or of the eyelid sebaceous gland (internal hordeolum)

-red, swollen, tender area occurs on the skin surface sid of the eyelid

-vision not affected, effects one eye at a time

-apply warm compress 4 times a day and apply antibacterial ointment

-pus will drain and pain will subside

-ointments may cause blurred vision, remove from eyes before driving by close eye and wipe from nasal outward

-each eye should have different bottle, label right and left

-wash hands, gloves

-stand behind sitting patient with head tilted back

-pull down lower lid, squeeze ointment in from nasal outward, gently release lid

-instruct pt not to squeeze lid when closed, wipe away excess, keep eye closed for 1 min.

-remove ointment

-fold clean washcloth into 4ths

-soak under warm running water

-place cloth over closed eye, keep in place with minimal pressure until cloth cools

-refold so new section will be applied to eye, resoak, repeat applications 3 times, as many times as prescribed

-apply skin preparation to the patient's forehead and cheek

-instruct to close both eyes and apply patch, tape from cheek to forehead, cover patch with overlapping pieces of tape

-apply skin preparation to pts forehead and cheek, close both eyes

-fold one eye patch in half, place over eye and apply unfolded patch over top

-tape from cheek to forehead with overlapping pieces over patch

-inflammation of a sebceous gland in the eyelid, pt /o eye fatigue, light sensitivity,a nd excessive tearing

-apply warm compress 4xper day and ointment

-if removed surgically, eye patch for 6 hours, remove and apply warm compress, eyedrops

(Dry eye syndrome)

-changes in tear production from diseases or drugs

-pt c/o foreign body sensation in eye, burning, itching, light sensitivity, mucous strands in tears

-eyedrops, artificial tears, lubricating ointment, sx repair of eyelid 

-blood vessels break with increased pressure, sneezing, coughing, vomiting, hypertension, trauma or blood clotting problems

-no pain or visual impairment, resolves within 14 days w/o tx

-allergic caused from allergens or irritants, c/o edema, burning, bloodshot, excessive tears and itching

-bacteria caused c/o blood vessel dilation, mild edema, tears, and discharge (watery and pus)

-chronic conjuctivitis caused by Chlamydia, scars conjuctiva causing blindness

-control infection oral and topical antibiotics are used

-reduce the refracting power of the cornea and some can lead to blindness

-a scrape/scratch of the cornea that disrupts its integrity

-organisms entered abrasion causing infection-URGENT (no seperate blood supply)

-caused by small foreign body, trauma or contact lenses, malnutrition, dry eye cancer therapies

-c/o pain reduced vision photophobia and eye secretions, cloudy/purulent fluid

-eyedrops qhr for 24hrs, R & L bottles, do not wear contacts, strict orders of applying med routinely as stopping infection can save vision

-degeneration of the corneal tissue resulting in abnormal corneal shape, trauma or inherited

-scar and lead to visual impairment, need sx

-(corneal transplant) surgery to improve clarity for a permanentcorneal disorder that obscures vision, human donor

-teach apply antibiotic after sx, pressure patch and shield, lie on non-operative side to reduce intraocular pressure

-do not use an ice pack on the eye, and examine eye

-avoid jogging running, dancing, or jerky movements

-graft rejection, purulent discharge, continuous leak or clear fulid excessive bleeding, floaters, report asap

• -raise head of bed 30 degrees
• -antibiotic eyedrops
• -close eyesand apply ice pack
• -contact family and physician

• -bending from the waist
• -lifting more than 10lbs
• -sneezing, coughing, blowing nose
• -straining during bowel movement
• -vomiting
• -have sexual intercourse
• -keeping head in dependent position
• -wearing tight shirt collars

-lens opacity that distorts the image projected on the retina, becomes denser with age as it looses water

-caused by age-related, traumatic, toxic, diseases (diabetes, hypoparathyroidism, down syndrome, chronic sunlight exposure), and chronic ( glaucoma, retinal detachment)

-reduce risk by wearing sun glasses or eye protection during sports that promote risk

-blurred vision and decreased color perception, no pain or eye redness, gradual loss of vision

-sx only cure

-antibiotics, leave eye unpatched, pt wears dark glasses

-teach how to instill eyedrops, itching is normal, slight swelling-spply cool compress

-pain can be a sign of hemorrhage or intraocular pressure

-pts expirience vision improvement on day of surgery bur best vision comes 4-6 weeks after

-group of eye disorders resulting in increased IOP (fuid pressure within eye)

-IOP requires a balance b/w production and outflow of aqueous humor otherwise compression of retinal blood vessels occurs causing permanent blindness

-POAG usually effects both eyes, has no symptoms, and gradually increases IOP; tonometry reading b/w 22-32

-PACG sudden onset and is an emergency; tonometry reading >30

-normal tonometry is 10-21 mm Hg

• -stick to precribed schedule of q 12 hrs
• -dont skip doses
• -wait 10-15 b/w medication administartion of seperate eye meds
• -keep hand and eyedropper clean
• -PUNCTAL OCCLUSION-pressure on corner of eye near nose to prevent systemic absorption of the drug

-bleeding in the vitreous cavity, aging, systemic diseases, or trauma (detachment from the retina)

• -mild; red haze or floaters
• -moderate; black streaks or black dots
• -severe; reduce visual acuity to hand motion

-may absorb slowly with no tx or with vitrectomy (removal of vitreous)

-Anterior: inflammation of the iris or of the ciliary body; aching, tearing, blurred vision, photophobia, bloodshot

• -Posterior:
• retinitis-inflammation of the retina, chorioretinitis-inflammation of the choriod and the retina; tuberculosis, syphalis, toxoplasmosis

-steroid drops to rest the ciliary bodies and dilate the pupil

-cool/warm compresses to reduce pain, darkening the room, wearing sun glasses 

-deterioration of the macula (area of central vision)

-age-related(AMD) dry and wet

-dry is more common, no cure can slow progression with antioxidants, vitamin B12, and carotenoids

-a break in the retina