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Emotion
A response of the whole organism, involving (1) physiological arousal, (2) expressive behaviours, and (3) conscious experience
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James-Lange Theory
The theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli
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Cannon-Bard Theory
The theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses, and (2) the subjective experience of emotion
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Two-factor Theory
The Schachter-Singer theory that to experience emotion one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal
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Polygraph
The machine, commonly used in attempts to detect lies, that measures several of the physiological responses accompanying emotion
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Catharsis
Emotional release. In psychology, the catharsis maintains that "releasing" aggressive energy relieves aggressive urges
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Feel-Good, Do-Good Phenomenon
Peoples tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood
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Subjective well-being
Self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life
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Adaption-level Phenomenon
Our tendency to form judgements (of sounds, lights, income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience
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Relative Deprivation
The perception that one is worse off relative to those with whom one compares oneself
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Behavioural Medicine
An interdisciplinary field that integrates behavioural and medical knowledge and applies that knowledge to health and disease
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Health Psychology
A subfield of psychology that provides psychology's contribution to behavioural medicine
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Stress
The process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging
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General Adaption Syndrome (GAS) (p.529)
Seloye's concept of the body's adaptive response to stress in three states - alarm, resistance, exhaustion
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Coronary Heart Disease
The clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developed countries
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Type A
Friedman and Rosenman's term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people
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Type B
Friedman and Rosenman's term for easy-going, relaxed people
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Psychophysiological Illness
Literally "mind-body" illness; any stress related physical illness, such as hypertension and some headaches
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Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)
The study of psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health
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Lymphocytes
- The two types of white blood cells that are part of the body's immune system:
- B lymphocytes form in the bone marrow and release antibodies that fight bacterial infections
- T lymphocytes form in the thymus and other lymphatic tissue and attack cancer cells, viruses, and foreign substances
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Coping
Alleviating stress using emotional, cognitive, or behavioural methods
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Problem-Focused Coping
attempting to alleviate stress directly - by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor
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Emotion-focused Coping
Attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to one's stress reaction
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Aerobic Exercise
Sustained exercise that increases heart and lung fitness; may also alleviate depression and anxiety
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Biofeedback
A system for electronically recording, amplifying, and feeding back information regarding a subtle physiological state, such as blood pressure or muscle tension
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Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)
As yet unproven health care treatments intended to supplement or serve as alternatives to conventional medicine, and which typically are not widely used in hospital or reimbursed by insurance. Acupuncture etc.
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