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pszurnicki
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Most common glycogen storage disease?
deficiency of enzyme?
von gierkes--glucose 6 phosphatase
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what prevents transmission more of hiv from mother to fetus.?
c section or azt>?
azt
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levels of what are high in cah caused by 21 hydroxylase deficiency?
- 17 hydroxyprogesterone
- testosterone
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difference between opiod and benzo overdose?
pupils are normal and no respiratory depression with benzo
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phenytoin overdose?
nystagmus
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cause of torticollis?
- atlantoaxial subluxation
- retroperitoneal abcess
- uri
- cervical lymphadenitis
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nsaids can cause what 3 renal damages?
- acute tubular necrosis
- tubulointerstitial nephritis
- papillary necrosis
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muddy brown casts?
rbc casts?
wbc casts?
waxy casts?
- atn
- gn
- pyrlonephritis, interstitial nephritis
- nephrotic syndrome
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most accurate test for parkinsons?
physical
- tremor
- rigidity
- bradykinesia
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lifetime risk of getting bipolar?
with a 1st degree relative?
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febrile transfusion reaction occurs because of hat?
persons antibodies to the donors leucocytes
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colposcopy and if + biopsy
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all abnormal pap smears except atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance should be followed up with what?
colposcopy
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asc-us found, next step?
- hpv testing if +--colposcopy
- if - repeat pap smear in 1 year
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rx for CIN I?
CIN II?
CIN III?
- repeat pap smeark and hpv testing
- leep
- leep
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when is c section done for hiv women?
if cd4 <350 or viral load >1000
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if a mother is on haart and gets pregnant, nect step?
switch efavirenz to protease inhibitor
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if mother is not on haart and viral load is high and cd4 is low?
start haart
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if mother is hiv + but cd4 is high and viral load is low, next step
start haart during second and third trimester
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single most effective way of preventing transmission from mother to baby of hiv?
most effective combined?
azt
combined--azt and c section
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indications for c section?
- 1-maternal--cephalopelvic disproportion
- failed induction of labor
- 2-infections--hiv
- 3-herpes
- 4-cervical cancer
- 5-uterine surgery and rupture
- 6-chord prolapse
- 7-obstruction of birth canal
- 8-non reassuring fetal testing
- 9-congenital disorder--hydrocephalus
- 10- fetal malpresentation
- 11--multiparrity
- 12-placenta previa
- 13-placental abruption
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causes of antepartum hemorrhage?
- placenta previa
- vasa previa
- placental abruption
- placental rupture
- fetal vessell rupture--vasa previa
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how is asymmetric igur diagnosed?
increased fetal head to abdomen ratio
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rx for ovarian malignancy?
surgery + chemotherapy
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absolute contraindication for ocp use?
- hypercoagubility
- stroke
- hepatic adenoma
- melanoma
- breast or endometrial carcinoma
- impaired liver function
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what 3rd trimester bleeding can be definitevely diagnosed with ultrasound?
placenta previa
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rx for severe preeclmapsia?
delivery
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highest risk factor for preterm labor?
previous preterm labor
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what illicit substance has the highest correlation with congenital anomalies?
alcohol
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Gravidy, TPAL?
- G--number of pregnancies
- Term-
- Preterm
- Aborted
- Living
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hbv causes what type of nephrotic syndrome?
- 2
- membranoproliferative in adults
- and
- membraneous in kids
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when does duchene vs becker muscular dystrophy happens?
- duchene--age 2
- beckers-- age 4
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what is the management of a wound that is clean and dirty?
- clean and <10 years from td booster--nothing
- clean and >10 years or unknown--td toxoid
- dirty and <10 years from td booster--td booster
- dirty and >10 years or unknown--td + Ig
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what dopamine tract is affected in?>
parkinsons
psychotic dz
prolactinemia?>
- nigra striatal
- mesolimbic
- tuberoinfundibular
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at how many weeks is cvs and amniocentesis performed?
- cvs--10 weeks
- amniocentesis-- 5 weeks
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what is next best step with a clavicular fracture?
angiogram to rule out injury to subclavian or brachial plexus
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what is the most important risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis?
- being a foreigner
- and then
- working in a prison, nursing home
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pruritis in a 3rd trimester woman and elevated alp?
rx?
- intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
- ursodeoxycolic acid
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rx for tinea corporis?
topical antifungals
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how to tell apart central from peripheral induced precocious puberty?
- central--high LH from GnRH stimulation
- periphery--low LH from GnRH stimulation
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uses of danazol?
- rx for hereditary angioedema
- fibrocystic change dz
- endometriosis
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management of mild preeclampsia?
severe preeclampsia?
- delivery if at term..bed rest if preterm
- control bp, prevent seizure..deliver if at term and bed rest if preterm
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difference between rta's?
all produce non anion gap acidosis
- rta type I--distal--alkaline urine ph--calcium stones and hypokalemia
- rta type II-proximal--acid urine ph--rickets
- rta type IV-- aldosterone insensitivity--hyperkalemia
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steroids have what effect on wbc?
neutrophilia from increased release from bone marrow and demargination and decreased eosinophils
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vesicular vs bronchial breath sounds?
- vesicular --louder on inspiration
- bronchial--ouder on expiration
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what hereditary syndromes produce uncojugated hyperbilirubinemia?
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differences between gilberts, crigler naiglar type I and type II?
- gilberts level <3
- crigler type I <30
- crigler type II<20 and decreased with phenobarbital
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rx for uncomplicated gerd?
for complicated gerd?
- uncomplicated--ppi trial
- complicated with weightloss and anemia--esophagoscopy
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manifestations of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease?
- mitral valve prolapse
- liver cysts
- berry aneurusm
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most effective way to treat nausea from chemothreapy?
odansetron
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copd refractory to albuterol and ipratropoum and steroids, next step in management?
non invasaive positive pressure ventilation
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which of the triple expansion disease is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion?
fragile x syndrome
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most common cause of painless hematuria?
bladder cancer
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painless hematuria is what untill proven otherwise?
- ureter
- bladder or kidney neoplasm
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1st time dvt rx?
2nd time dvt?
- warfarin for 6 months
- warfarin for life
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dx of nkhs?
- clinical dehydration
- absent ketosis
- sugar >600
- osmolality >320
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what are the liver enzyme ratio in alcoholic hepatitis?
ast>alt 2:1
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pts traveling to africa should get what immunizations?
asia?
- aftrica--yellow fever + hep A
- asia--meningococcal + hep A
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common complications after rhinoplasty?
nasal septum perforation
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impigement of the supraspinatus tendon results in?
rotator cuff treat
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popeyes arm is due to a torn?
long head of the tricep
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drug causing vertigo and ataxia>?
aminoglycosides
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