Nutrition Proteins

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  1. amino acid pool
    constantly reclycling proteins and amino acids to be reused as something else
  2. What happens if u consume excess protein?
    it will be converted into fat
  3. If you are starving what does protein get converted into?
    glucose
  4. What is the best and easiest way to get protein?
    Eating meat
  5. Whats the difference between meat protein and plant proteins?
    you can get all essential proteins from meat,  plant protein is incomplete except for soy.
  6. What is complimentary protein?
    Together you get all that you need with 2 protein foods. ex: beans and rice = all amino acids
  7. What is the first thing that your body goes after for energy in wasting?
    muscle tissue is broken down for energy
  8. What happens when you are deficient in protein?
    Your body begins to waste
  9. Why would you go after muscle tissue?
    mal nutrition (lack of protein), muscle wasting
  10. True or False.
    You are more vulnerable to infections is you are deficient in protein.
    True.
  11. What 2 things happen when you are protein deficient?
    • 1. vunerable to infections
    • 2. impairs digestion and absorption of nutrients
  12. Why is protein important for fighting infections?
    make appropriate antibodies to fight off infections
  13. How many amino acids are there in the body?
    20
  14. What are proteins made of?
    sequences of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
  15. How are proteins identified?
    • by their side chains:
    • carbon, carboxylic acid, amino acid, and side group
  16. essential proteins
    have to come from diet
  17. conditionally dispensible?
  18. What happens with the disease PKU?
    Can't convert phynolalyine to make tyrosin, which means they have too much phynolalyine which affects the brain.
  19. What are the 2 shapes of protein strutures?
    coil or pleated sheets that make up tertiary structures
  20. What determines the function of a protein?
    The shape determines function. At the tertiary structure is the functional structure for majority of proteins.
  21. non-essential proteins?
    proteins you can make in the body
  22. What is the first thing to happen to proteins in digestion?
    they are denatured by uncoiling for enyzmes to break it down and makes it easier to absorb
  23. What can cause proteins to denature?
    Temperature, pH level,...
  24. What are your motor proteins?
    actin and myosin
  25. Collagen, keratin, and motor proteins are all examples of what?
    structural proteins
  26. What are body functions of proteins?
    Immunuization, enzymes, hormones with protein components, acid-base balance (free H ions), transport, maintain fluid balance
  27. How does the body use proteins to maintain acid base balance?
    • amino acids can release or take on hydrogens
    • (Take free hydrogens to make more alkaline)
  28. How can Edema can be affected by proteins
    concentration of amino acids
  29. How much kcals for protiens?
    4 kcal/g
  30. Where does digestion of proteins begin?
    the stomach
  31. What does HCl acid do to the proteins?
    denatures the protein
  32. ____ is the active enzyme that breaks down protein. It comes from ____ when combined with HCl acid.
    Pepsin. Pepsinogen.
  33. What is the percent of protein digestion that occurs in the stomach?
    10-20%
  34. What are proteases?
    protein enzymes
  35. subtle digestion occurs where?
    small intestine
  36. what is the end product of protein digestion?
    amino acids
  37. What type of transport is used to absorb amino acids?
    active transport because cells have large amino acid pools compared to intestine lining.
  38. Celiac disease
    Can't eat gluten
  39. Cyctic fibrosis and Celiac disease can be due to...?
    problems with digestion
  40. What is the breakdown of amino acids?
    protein and nitrogen excretion

    • •Removes nitrogen (amino) group
    • •Converts amino group to ammonia
    • •Ammonia to liver for conversion to urea
    • •Urea excretion via urine
  41. what is the recomended protein intake?
    0.8 g/kg body weight
  42. proteins are precursors for other functions in the body such as...?
    • neurotransmitters
    • vitamins
    • melanin
    • glucose
  43. Having high protein diets can affect what organ?
    kidneys
  44. Positive nitrogen balance
    nitrogen intake is greater than nitrogen output
  45. growth and recovery of illness are examples of
    A. positive nitrogen balance
    B. nitrogen equillibrium
    C. negative nitrogen balance
    A. positive nitrogen balance
    (this multiple choice question has been scrambled)
  46. What is nitrogen equillibrium?
    When nitrogen intake is equal to nitrogen output. Healthy adults.
  47. During injury and illness, nitrogen balance is..

    A. positive
    B. equal
    C. negative
    C. negative
    (this multiple choice question has been scrambled)
  48. Negative nitrogen balance means...

    A. nitrogen intake > nitrogen output
    B. nitrogen intake < nitrogen output
    C. nitrogen intake = nitorgen output
    B. nitrogen  intake < nitrogen output
    (this multiple choice question has been scrambled)
  49. What can be a health benifit of being vegitarian?
    • –Less fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol intake
    • –More magnesium and folate
    • –More antioxidants
    • –More fiber and phytochemicals
    • •Reduces risk for heart disease, obesity, hypertension, and cancer
  50. Having a high diet in protein can cause..

    a. heart disease
    b. cancer
    c. obesity
    d. mineral loss
    e. strained kidney function
    • a. heart disease
    • b. cancer
    • c. obesity
    • e. strained kidney function

Card Set Information

Author:
 cheerios258
ID:
 214740
Filename:
 Nutrition Proteins
Updated:
2013-04-21 05:33:13
Tags:
protein
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Description:
proteins
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