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[PHARMACOGNOSY] Glycosides
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compounds that yield one or more sugar among the product of hydrolysis
glycoside
example of glycones
D-glucosse
Rhamnose
Digitoxose
m-cymarose
Example of aglycones
O-glycoside
S-glycoside
N-glycoside
C-glycoside
classification of glycosides
cardiac glycosides
anthraquinone glycosides
saponin glycosides
cyanogenic glycoside
isothiocyanates glycoside
alcohol glycoside
aldehydes glycosides
phenolilc glycosides
flavonoids
lactone glycosides
glycoside with steroidal in character with cyclopentanoperhydrohydrophenanthrene nucleus
cardiac glycosides
2 steroidal aglycones
cardenolides
bufadienolides
difference between cardenolides and bufadienolides
cardenolides
c23 steroid 5 member lactone
budadienolides
c24 steroid 6 member lactone
test fo 2 deoxy sugar
keller killiani
positive result for keller killiani test
red brown --> blue to purple
test for steroid
lieberman burchard
positive result for lieberman burchard
blue, green, pink purple or VIOLET
test for lactone unsaturated
kedde test
positive result for kedde test
purple
K depletion decreases susceptibility to cardiac glycoside toxicity. true or false
True
False
false
K depleting drugs
thiamine
diuretics
corticosteroid with mineralocorticoids
parenteral Ca plus cardiac glycoside results to hypocalcemia. true or false
True
False
false
known as lily of the valley
convallaria
known as chrismas rose
black hellebore
Urginea maritime
Squil
use of scillaren A
expectorant
emetic
cardiotonic
diuretic
example of cardiac glycosides
digitalis
convallaria
apocynum
black hellebore
strophantus
squil
oleander
it exert action by increase tone of smooth muscle in wall of colon and stimulate secretion of water and electrolyte in large intestine
stimulant cathartic
problem occurs in stimulant laxative
habit forming
loss of normal bowel function
test for anthraquinone
borntrager test
positive result of borntrager test
red coloration of lowe ammoniacal layer
examples of anthraquinone glycosides
cascara sagrada
frangula
aloe
rhubarb
senna
bitter taste and activity of cascara sagrada may be redued by treating with what substance?
Magnesium Oxide
cathartic used in the correction of habitual constipation
cascara sagrada
also known as buckthorn bark
frangula
Aloin A
barbaloin
aloin B
isobarbaloin
use of aloin A and aloin B
pharmaceutical aid for compund benzoin tincture
cathartic
use of rhubarb
cathartic
sennidin A+B
rhein dianthrone
it forms collidal solution in water that foams upon shaking
saponins
poisonous saponins used for controlling schistosomiasis snails
sapotoxins
2 types of sapogenin
steroidal
triterpenoidal
defference between steroidal and triterpenoidal sapogenin
steroidal - monocot
triterpenoidal = dicot
example of saponin
glycyrrizha
ginseng
licorice root
glycyrrizha
50x sweeter as sugar
glycyrrhizha
use of glycyrrhizha
demulcent
expectorant
promote K depletion
glycyrrhizha which is used in dermatologic practice as anti inflammatory
glyccyrhetic acid
glycyrrhiza which is used in treatment of peptic ulcer and addison's disease
licorice root extract
Panax quinquefolius
ginseng
glycoside that yields hydrocyanic acid upon hydrolysis
cyanogenic glycoside
test for cyanogenic glycoside
guignard test
positive result of guignard test
yellow to maroon
example of cyanogenic glycoside
amygdalin
wild cherry
apricot
cyanogenic glycoside which claimed to be anticancer and control sickle cell anemia
amygdalin
laetrile or vitamin B17
enzyme that hydrolyzes the glycoside of amygdalin to release HCN
emulsin
a glycoside in which upon hydrolysis by the enzyme myrosinase, it yields D-glucose and labile aglycone that cause loss of sulfate
isothiocyanates glycosides
use of isothiocyanates
anticancer
example of isothiocyanates
mustard
brocolli
garlic
indole 3 carbinol
mustard
use of mustard
reduce risk of estradiol linked mammary cancer
4 methyl sulfinyl isothicyanate
brocolli
use of brocolli
induce anticarcinogenic protective enzyme
diallyl thiosulfonate
allicin
use of allicin
potent antibacterial
hyperlipidemic
inhibit platelet aggregation
use of e-ajoene and z ajoene
antithrombotic
use of salicin
antirheumatism
2 substance that can be turned ito vanillin
coniferyl alcohol
isoeugenol
example of alcohol glycoside
salicin
example of aldehyde glycoside
vanilla
example of phenolic glycoside
arbutin
hesperidin
phloridzin
rutin
uva ursi
bearberry
source of arbutin
uva ursi / bearberry
use of arbutin
antiseptic
astringent
phenolic plant pigment containing benzopyrone nucleus
flavonoids
2 types of flavonoids
anthocyanin
leucoanthocyanin
plant material with flavonoid boiled with 1% HCl and gives orange-red to blue to red
anthicyanin
plant material with flavonoid boiled with diluted acids and gives strong red or violet color
leucoanthocyanin
test for flavonoids
bate-smith and metcalf test
willstatter cyanidin test
test for presence of leucocyanidin
batesmith and metcalf test
test for presence of benzopyrone nucleus
willstatter cyanidin test
example of lactone glycoside
cantharidin
glycoside from spanish flies
cantharidin
use of cantharidin
vessicating agent
Author
batangmahaba
ID
214782
Card Set
[PHARMACOGNOSY] Glycosides
Description
Pharmacy Board Exam Reviewer
Updated
2013-04-21T12:18:29Z
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