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What examples in class were given for a transdermal drug delivery system where a drug is mixed with a polymer and contained in a membrane?
- Nitro-Dur
- Scopolamine
- Nicotine patches
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What type of drug delivery systems fall into the category transdermal patch?
- Single layer drug in adhesive
- Multi-layer drug in adhesive
- Matrix system
- Reservoir system
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Describe a monolithic device:
- A matrix system
- Drug is mixed with a polymer to form a matrix of pores
- Time of drug diffusion represents the time to travel out of the pore matrix
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What type of Dissolution-Diffusion controlled drug delivery systems exist?
- Monolithic
- Reservoir
- Degradable
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Describe how an osmotic pump works:
- A drug mixed with the core material is placed inside a semi-permeable membrane.
- A laser hole is made in the membrane
- When water osmotically enter the device, it creates pressure and drug leaks from the pore
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What type of drug delivery system involved drug mixed with core material in a semipermeable membrane that allows water to osmotically enter and push drug out of a small pore?
An Osmotic pump
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Explain how an effervescent tablet works?
An effervescent layer of a drug is activated by water, releasing CO2 and eventually dissolving leaving the drug to release into the GI
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What is a liposome?
A closed system of unilammellar or multilamellar natural phospholipid bilayers surrounding an internal aqueous phase
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What type of drug delivery system is composed of unilamellar ot multimallelar natural phospholipid bilayers surrounding an aqueous phase?
Liposome
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How is the drug released from a liposome?
It is taken up by cell and phagocytized, causing release
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What is a Physical liposome?
A temperature or pH sensitive liposome
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What type of liposome is temperature of pH sensitive?
A physical liposome
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What is an active liposome?
An unmodified liposome that gathers in reticulo-endothelial tissue
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What type of liposome gathers in reticulo-endothelial tissue?
An Inactive liposome
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What is an Active liposome?
A liposome with an altered surface, which may include the addition of antibodies, enzymes, Protein A and sugars.
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What type of liposome has an altered surface that may include the addition of antibodies, sugars, enzymes or Protein A?
An Active liposome
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Describe how a self-emulsifying drug system works:
The mixture of oil, surfactant and drug spontaneously form an oil-in-water emulsions in an aqueous environment under gentle agitation
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What type of drug delivery system is a mixture of oil, drug and surfactant?
Self-Emulsifying drug delivery system
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What are the advantages of a Self-emulsifying drug delivery system?
- Improve solubility
- Enhance lymphatic transport/bioavailability
- Can be used for acids/bases/neutral drugs
- Oral administration
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What drug delivery system can be used for acidic/basic and neutral drugs, enhances lymphatic transport and bioavailability, improves solubility and is taken orally?
Self-emulsifying Drug delivery systems
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Describe an Amorphous drug delivery system:
The amorphous drug in a low energy crystal lattice structure is dissolved in readily dissolved into solution
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Describe the differences between an amorphous drug and a crystalline drug:
- Amorphous is less thermodynamically stable than crystalline
- Amorphous has molecules packed randomly whereas crystalline is uniform
- Amorphous has a more soluble/ less stable lattice form than crystalline
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What is an example of an osmotic pump drug delivery system?
Oros
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What is Oros?
An Osmotic pump drug delivery system
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What is an example of a Liposome?
Production of monoclonal antibodies
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Monolithic devices, Reservoir devices and Degradable systems are all what type of Drug delivery system?
Dissolution-Diffusion controlled drug delivery systems
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What are Reservoir systems?
Rate controlled membranes
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What type of drug delivery system is a rate controlled membrane?
Reservoir
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What is a degradable system?
Polymers in the drug are degrades by chemical action, releasing the drug at a constant, predetermined rate
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What type of drug delivery system has polymers in the dosage form that slowly degrade in the body, releasing the drug at a constant rate?
Degradable systems
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