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What do you call the movement of substances across the membrane without the use of the cell's energy...active transport or passive transport?
passive transport
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The movement of substances across the plasma membrane from as area of high concentration to low concentration is called...diffusion or osmosis?
diffusion
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The diffusion of water from high to low concentration is....
osmosis
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What do you call the movement of substances across the plasma membrane that requires the use of cell's energy and carrier molecules? Moving from low to high concentration? passive or active transport?
active transport
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endocytosis is...
large particles are brought into the cell
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exocytosis is...
large particles leave the cell
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When water moves in and the cell bursts is called...
hypotonic
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When water moves out and the cell shrivels is called...
hypertonic
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When there is no net movement, the cell maintains equilibrium is called...
isotonic
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What do you call the self-regulating mechanism that maintains internal conditions?
homeostasis
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homeostasis is...
internal equilibrium
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How do cells communicate their needs with each other?
through the cell membrane by releasing chemical messengers that tell the hypothalamus gland in the brain that a change needs to be made in the interstitial fluid.
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In homeostasis....negative feedback
glucose/insulin levels in cells
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In homeostasis...positive feedback
blood platelets/blood clotting
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What are biochemical reactions?
chemical bonds formed and broken within living things creating chemical reactions that impact the ability to maintain life and carry out life functions
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What is cellular respiration?
food molecules are converted to energy
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What is photosynthesis?
plant cells capture energy from the Sun and convert it into food(carbohydrates)
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Plant cells convert the carbohydrates into energy during.....
cellular respiration
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What is the ultimate source of energy for all living things?
the Sun
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What is it called when cells are not provided with oxygen in a timely manner?
fermentation
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What is ATP?
a molecule that stores and releases the energy when the cell needs it
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What kind of respiration requires the presence of oxygen, release of energy from the breakdown of glucose, energy released is used to make ATP, and takes place in almost all living things?
aerobic respiration
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What kind of respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen, breakdown of food substances, produces less energy, often called fermentation, and is seen as an adaptation for organisms that live in environments that lack oxygen?
anaerobic respiration
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Cellular respiration or photosyntheis? Food is broken down and energy is released.
cellular respiration
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Cellular respiration or photosyntheis? Food synthesized and energy from Sun stored in glucose
photosyntheis
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Photosynthesis or Chemosynthesis? Food synthesized and energy from Methane or Inorganic Material.
Chemosythesis
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What are special proteins that regulate every biochemical reaction in the cell?
enzymes
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What factors affect enzymes?
pH, temperature, and quantity
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Enzymes function to: build new _____ and aid in _________.
cells and aid in digestion
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Does photosynthesis or cellular respiration occur in all living things?
cellular respiration
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