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trauma
injury caused by extrinsic forces particularly when associated with an accident or violence
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contusion
caused by crushing, dislocation, disruption, or disruption of subsurface tissue by a blunt instrument that doesn't penetrate or break the surface
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abrasion
scraping or scuffing of the skin surface without full-thickness loss
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laceration
tear in the surface caused by shearing of tissue, leaving irregular, ragged wound margins
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sharp force
trauma from a sharp-edged instrument or object
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incised wounds
longer than they are deep
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stab wounds
deeper than they are long
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penetrating missile wounds
enters the body and doesn't exit
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perforating missile wound
passes through the body and leaves both entrance and exit components
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abrasion color
- shows entry
- marginal rim of abrasion
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muzzle imprint
stamp from the gun being placed directly on the skin
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strippling
soot deposition or burning within or surrounding the entrance wound
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peritonitis
can occur when the GI contents spill into the peritoneal cavity
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ileus
tract motility becomes depressed and leads to this kind of obstruction
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flail chest
inability to move the chest cage due to multiple rib fractures
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frostbite
necrosis of the tissue caused by freezing
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radiosensitive
tissue easily killed by radiation
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anaphylaxis
severe vasodilation resulting in shock and bronchoconstriction resulting in inability to breath
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nitrogen dioxide
produces severe, acute injury to the lining of the pulmonary alveoli
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liquid ammonia
severe burns of skin, eyes, and respiratory tract
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paraquat
damages pulmonary alveoli
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cholinesterase inhibitors
lead to depression of central and autonomic nervous systems and motor nerve endings
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iron poisoning
corrosive damage to the stomach and small intestines and toxic to various tissues such as the liver and heart
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aspirin poisoning
metabolic with initial alkalosis caused by hyperventilation and later severe acidosis
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cyanide
prevents cellular oxygen utilization
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methyl alcohol
blindness when nonfatal
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lead poisoning
affects the brain, peripheral nerves, and bone marrow
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mercuric chloride
corrosive damage to the oral region and esophagus
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Vitamin A toxicity
problems with skin, bone, brain and liver, psychoses
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Vitamin D toxicity
hypercalcemia and renal calculi
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hemochromatosis
excess iron
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Wernicke encephalopathy
degeneration of several regions in the center of the brain
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Korsakoff dementia
condition accompanied by severe memory loss and organ psychosis
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delirium tremens (DT)
withdrawal period from acute excessive alcohol intake
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