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Chapter 15 chem
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A nuclear particle identical to a helium nucleau
alpha particls
A unit of activity of radioactive sample equal to one disintegration per second
becquerel
a particle identical to an electron that forms in the nucleus when a neutron changes to a proton and an electron
beta particle
a fission reaction that will continue once it has been initiated by a high-energy neutron bombarding a heavy nucleus such as U-235
chain reaction
a unit of radiation equal to 3.7X10 to the 10th power disintegrations
curie
a diagram of the decay of a radioactive element
decay curve
the measure of biological damage from an absorbed dose that has been adjusted for the type of radiation
equivalent dose
a process in which large nuclei are split into smaller pieces, releasing large amounts of energy
fission
a reaction in which large amouts of energy are released when small nuclei combine to form larger nuclei
fusion
High-energy radiation emitted to make a nucleus more stable
gamma ray
a unit of absorbed dose equal to 100 rads
gray
a length of time it takes for one-half of a radioactive sample to decay
half-life
a particle of radiation with no mass and a positive charge produced by an unstable nucleus when a proton is transformed in a a neutron and positron
postitron
a measure of an amount of radiation absorbed by the body
rad (radiation absorbed dose)
energy or particles released by radioactive atoms
radiation
the process by which an unstable nucleus breaks down with the release of high energy radiation
radioactive
a radioactive atom of an element
radioisotope
a measure of the biological damage caused by the various kinds of radiation (rad X radiation biological factor)
rem
a unit of biological dame (equivalent dose) equal to 100 rems
sievert
the formation of radioactive nucleus by bombarding a stable nucleau with fast moving particles
transmutation
term physicists use to describe particle that is the exact opposite of a particle
antimatter
when a nucleus spontaneously breaks down by emitting radiation
radioactive decay
dehydration agen
sulfuric acid
kw=1.0x10 to the -14 power
Acids with bases=
neutralization
Atomic number 1-19
All isotopes are stable
Atomic number 20-83
mix of stable/unstable isotopes
Atomic number 84 and up
all isotopes are unstable
types of radiation
Alpha Particle
Beta Particle
Positron
Gama Ray
way to be protected against radiation
Shielding
limit exposure time
distance
amount of material
type of radiation
Gamma rays can pass air and body tissue but cannot pass through
denser material like lead and concrete
Author
phut52
ID
216094
Card Set
Chapter 15 chem
Description
chapter 15
Updated
2013-05-01T21:34:38Z
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