Chapter 15 chem

  1. A nuclear particle identical to a helium nucleau
    alpha particls
  2. A unit of activity of radioactive sample equal to one disintegration per second
    becquerel
  3. a particle identical to an electron that forms in the nucleus when a neutron changes to a proton and an electron
    beta particle
  4. a fission reaction that will continue once it has been initiated by a high-energy neutron bombarding a heavy nucleus such as U-235
    chain reaction
  5. a unit of radiation equal to 3.7X10 to the 10th power disintegrations
    curie
  6. a diagram of the decay of a radioactive element
    decay curve
  7. the measure of biological damage from an absorbed dose that has been adjusted for the type of radiation
    equivalent dose
  8. a process in which large nuclei are split into smaller pieces, releasing large amounts of energy
    fission
  9. a reaction in which large amouts of energy are released when small nuclei combine to form larger nuclei
    fusion
  10. High-energy radiation emitted to make a nucleus more stable
    gamma ray
  11. a unit of absorbed dose equal to 100 rads
    gray
  12. a length of time it takes for one-half of a radioactive sample to decay
    half-life
  13. a particle of radiation with no mass and a positive charge produced by an unstable nucleus when a proton is transformed in a a neutron and positron
    postitron
  14. a measure of an amount of radiation absorbed by the body
    rad (radiation absorbed dose)
  15. energy or particles released by radioactive atoms
    radiation
  16. the process by which an unstable nucleus breaks down with the release of high energy radiation
    radioactive
  17. a radioactive atom of an element
    radioisotope
  18. a measure of the biological damage caused by the various kinds of radiation (rad X radiation biological factor)
    rem
  19. a unit of biological dame (equivalent dose) equal to 100 rems
    sievert
  20. the formation of radioactive nucleus by bombarding a stable nucleau with fast moving particles
    transmutation
  21. term physicists use to describe particle that is the exact opposite of a particle
    antimatter
  22. when a nucleus spontaneously breaks down by emitting radiation
    radioactive decay
  23. dehydration agen
    sulfuric acid
  24. kw=1.0x10 to the -14 power
  25. Acids with bases=
    neutralization
  26. Atomic number 1-19
    All isotopes are stable
  27. Atomic number 20-83
    mix of stable/unstable isotopes
  28. Atomic number 84 and up
    all isotopes are unstable
  29. types of radiation
    • Alpha Particle
    • Beta Particle
    • Positron
    • Gama Ray
  30. way to be protected against radiation
    • Shielding
    • limit exposure time
    • distance
    • amount of material
    • type of radiation
  31. Gamma rays can pass air and body tissue but cannot pass through
    denser material like lead and concrete
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Chapter 15 chem
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chapter 15
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