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The flashcards below were created by user
Ant
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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What are Rab proteins?
G-Proteins (GTPases)
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What is the Role of Rab in transport?
Direction of vesicles to correct location
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How does Rab direct to the correct location?
- Rab binds to vesicle
- Vesicle reaches location
- Rab Effector acts like GAF
- Rab Dissociates
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What is the role of snares in Membrane Fusion?
Mediating the Process
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How do Viruses infect cells?
- Using a fusion protein that integrates to the membrane
- The Fusion protein then aids in vesicular fusion
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What are Vesicles departing the ER and headed to the Golgi Network coated with?
COP-II
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What type of proteins are BiP and Calnexin?
Chaperones, used in protein folding
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What is it called when vesicles fuse together?
Homotypic Membrane Fusion
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What is the product of Homotypic Membrane Fusion?
Vesicular Tubular Clusters
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What are ER bound Vesicles headed from the Golgi network Coated with?
COP-I
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What marks Proteins for return to the ER?
A K-del sequence
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How does the KDEL sequence work?
- The sequence binds to KDEL Receptors which bind to Extracellular COP-I.
- A Vesicle is formed
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How does an ER resident protein "know" not to bind to KDEL receptors when "home" in the ER?
- The PH of the ER inhibits binding of KDEL to KDEL receptors
- The different PH at the golgi allows binding
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What is "Kin Recognition"?
Aggregation of Proteins with the same function
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Which "end" of the Golgi apparatus is secretory?
The Trans face
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Why does the Golgi consist of a number of Sacks?
The Golgi Apparatus is compartmentalized to allow for different environments suited to different enzymes.
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How are vesicles and cisternae held in place?
Tethering by matrix proteins.
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What does phosphorylation of Matrix proteins do?
Dissembles them
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What are some characteristics of Lysosomes?
- pH ~5
- Glycosylated Membranes (Protection)
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In what three ways do Lysosomes get material?
- Autophagy
- Endocytosis
- Phagocytosis
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Describe Phagocytosis
Intake of a Macromolecular object which is taken into a vesicle which ultimately becomes a lysosome
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Describe endocytosis
Intake of extracellular particles by vesicle formation
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Describe Autophagy
Formation of a vesicle around an intracellular object that ultimately becomes a lysosome
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What is the role of Mannose-6-phosphate in transport?
To bind to M6P receptors and guide the molecule to the lysosome
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What is Transcytosis?
Movement across a cell (Vesicle)
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How does LDL "packaged" cholesterol enter the cell?
- It is first endocytosed forming a clathrin coated vesicle
- The Vesicle loses it's clathrin forming an early endosome
- The LDL and receptor are dissociated in the early endosome
- The Receptor is recycled
- The Endosome becomes a Lysosome
- The LDL is broken down and it's cholesterol released
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Label the Diagram of an LDL
- A - Cholesterol Molecule
- B - Phospholipid Monolayer
- C - Cholesteryl Ester Molecule
- D - Surface Protrusion on Protein
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What is another name for the Sorting Vesicle?
CURL
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What two processes does the LDL receptor undergo frequently?
- Down Regulation
- Up Regulation
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What is up regulation?
The relocation of membrane bound particles from an Intracellular Vesicle to the Plasma Membrane.
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Multivesicular Bodies and Late Endosomes fuse with Lysosomes. True or False?
False, it's on OR the other.
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Can early Endosomes from different cellular locations fuse?
Yes, they fuse to create the late endosome
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What are the two types of exocytotic secretion?
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