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kyleannkelsey
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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Someone with an issue in Broca's area has what speech pattern?
Long pauses between words and poor articulation
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A person with long pauses between words and poor articulation could have damage to what brain part?
Broca's area
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A person with fluid speech and no comprehnsion likely has a disorder in what part of the brain?
Wernicke's area
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When brain areas associated with speech are destroyed what can alleviate the issue?
Duplicated systems or plastic changes in other parts of the brain that compensate
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Can you comprehend someone with Broca's aphasia?
yes
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What type of brain damage does a person have who has halting speech with long pauses, a tendency to repeat themselves and disordered grammar?
Damage to Broca's area
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What type of brain damage is implicated with a person who cannot understand you?
Damage to Wernicke's area
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What is tolerance?
Habituation due to substance abuse
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What is Withdrawal?
Physiological changes, discomfort and adverse effects that coincide with drug removal
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How can tolerance to a drug occur?
- change in number of receptors
- Increase in enzymes that break the drug down
- Endogenous ligand antagonist
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Psychoactive drugs with a similar structure to serotonin or dopamine act on what part of the body?
Serotonin or dopamine receptors
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Why do serotonin or dopamine like drugs last longer in the system?
They are often not subject to enzymatic breakdown as fast as the real thing or they have a greater affinity for the receptors
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What are the seven symptoms of dependence?
- Tolerance
- Withdrawal symptoms
- Larger more frequent doses
- Persistent desire
- Excessive time aquiring medication
- Reduced occupational or social activities
- Physical and psychological problems associated
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What are the top dependencies in the US?
Tobacco and alcohol
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What has caused tobacco dependency to drop?
- Increased awareness of lung caner
- Laws against public smoking
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What is the primary mechanism by which psychoactive drugs change behavior?
Alterations in the mesolimbic dopamine pathway
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The malfunction of the limbic system is associated with what general type of disprder?
Affective
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What is an affective disorder?
Mental disorder characterized by dramatic changes or extremes of mood
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What is the Hebbian rule?
repeated stimulation of a pathway increases the synaptic strength of that pathway
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What are the neural mechanism for learning?
- changes in neural parameters (threshold, time constants)
- creation of new synapses
- elimination of synapses
- changes in the synaptic weights or connection strengths
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What does it mean that the function is lateralized in aphasia?
Right handed individuals have left side aphasia and vice versa
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