Musculoskeletal System Anatomic Terms Related to Bones

  1. appendicular skeleton
    bones of the shoulder, pelvis, and upper and lower extremities
  2. axial skeleton
    bones of the skull, vertebral column, chest, and hyoid bone (U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue)
  3. bone
    specialized connective tissue compose of osteocytes (bone cells); forms the skeleton
  4. compact bone
    tightly solid bone tissue that forms the exterior of bones
  5. spongy bone
    cancellous bone
    mesh-like bone tissue found in the interior of bones, and surrounding the medullary cavity
  6. long bones
    bones of the arms and legs
  7. short bones
    bones of the wrist and ankles
  8. flat bones
    bones of the ribs, shoulder blades, pelvis, and skull
  9. irregular bones
    bones of the vertebrae and face
  10. sesamoid bones
    round bones found near joints (e.g., the patella)
  11. epiphysis
    wide ends of a long bone (physis = growth)
  12. diaphysis
    shaft of a long bone
  13. metaphysis
    growth zone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis during development of a long bone
  14. endosteum
    membrane lining the medullary cavity of a bone
  15. medullary cavity
    cavity within the shaft of the long bones; filled with bone marrow
  16. bone marrow
    soft connective tissue within the medullary cavity of bones
  17. red bone marrow
    functions to form red blood cells, some white blood cells, and platelets; found in the cavities of most bones in infants and in the flat bones in adults
  18. yellow bone marrow
    gradually replaces red bone marrow in adult bones; functions as storage for fat tissue and is inactive in the formation of blood cells
  19. periosteum
    a fibrous, vascular membrane that coves the bone
  20. articular cartilage
    a gristle-like substance on bones where they articulate
Author
misd368
ID
216548
Card Set
Musculoskeletal System Anatomic Terms Related to Bones
Description
Medical Terminology chapter 4
Updated