BIOL 404-Exam 4-GI 6

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  1. How much fat do Americans eat daily?
    25-160 grams
  2. What forms of fats do people eat?
    Triacylglycerides
  3. What is a Triacylglyceride?
    3 Fatty acids bound to glycerol
  4. What is the basic process of fat emulsification?
    Small Fat globules are coated with Bile and phospholipids
  5. Where does triglyceride digestion occur?
    Mostly in the small intestine
  6. What is the major digestion enzyme for Fat?
    Pancreatic lipase
  7. Describe the action of pancreatic lipase:
    Water soluble and acts on the surface of Triglycerides
  8. What is the solubility of pancreatic lipase?
    Water soluble
  9. What needs to occur for aggregated fat droplets to be efficiently digested?
    They need to be broken into smaller droplets, called emulsion droplets
  10. Why are emulsion droplets more efficiently digested?
    They have a greater surface area
  11. How are large fat droplets broken down into smaller ones?
    By stomach's mechanical movement
  12. How are small fat droplets prevented from re-aggregating in the GI?
    Bile and Phospholipids bind to the surface as emulsifying agents
  13. Why are bile salts and phospholipids good emulsifying agents for fat droplets?
    They are amphipathic
  14. Name the bile salt covered in class:
    glycocholic acid
  15. What is glycocholic acid?
    A bile salt
  16. What limits lipase action on small fat droplets?
    Emulsifiers (bile salts and phospholipids)
  17. How does pancreatic lipase gain access to fats covered in emulsifiers?
    • Secretes amphipathic protein Collipase
    • Collipase binds to fat droplet and binds lipase
  18. What is collipase?
    • An amphipathic protein secreted by the pancreas
    • Binds to fat droplets and Lipase
    • Facilitates Lipase action on emulsion droplets
  19. What are the two phases for the absorption of fat?
    • transport into enterocytes
    • synthesis and transport of cholomicrons out of epithelial cells
  20. What type of Fat digestion products enter the enterocytes?
    Fatty acids and Monoglycerides
  21. How do FA and Monoglycerides enter the enterocytes?
    passive diffusion down a concentration gradient
  22. What is the difference between Micelles and emulsion droplets?
    • Micelles are much smaller
    • They contain digestion products rather than undigested fats
  23. How big are Fat micelles?
    4-7 nm
  24. Why is absorption enhanced by fat micelles?
    Smaller/greater surface area

Card Set Information

Author:
 kyleannkelsey
ID:
 217237
Filename:
 BIOL 404-Exam 4-GI 6
Updated:
2013-05-02 15:31:05
Tags:
BIOL 404 Exam GI
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BIOL 404-Exam 4-GI 6
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