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The flashcards below were created by user
kyleannkelsey
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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What is the treatment for Viral meningitis?
Fluid balance and seizure control
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What is Encephalitis?
Inflammation of the brain and spinal cord
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What is the term for inflammation of the brain and spinal cord?
Encephalitis
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What is encephalitis usually caused by?
Viral infection
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What viruses can cause encephalitis?
- Those carried by mosquitos
- Herpes
- HIV
- Rabies
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What two type of encephalitis that are caused by a virus carried by mosquitos and cause epidemics in warm months?
St. Louis and California encephalitis
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What time of year has the highest risk of St. Louis and California encephalitis?
Warm months
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How is encephalitis diagnosed?
- Viral culture
- Presence of viral antigen in CSF
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What are the symptoms of Encephalitis?
- Irritability
- Headache
- Drowsiness
- Coma
- Seizures
- Disordered thought
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Can benign brain tumors be fatal?
Yes, due to pressure on the brain
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Are primary brain tumors common?
No, metastatic brain tumors are more common
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What are the signs of a CNS tumor?
- Increased ICT
- headache
- vomiting
- vision issue
- seizure
- Neurological defects
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What is a Glioblastoma?
Most common primary brain tumor
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What is the most common primary brain tumor?
Glioblastoma
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What is the prognosis for Glioblastoma?
- Highly malignant
- fatal in about one year
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What is the second most common primary brain tumor?
Meninioma = tumor of the meninges
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Describe the pathology of a Meningoma:
- Benign
- Slow growing
- No infiltration
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What is a medulloblastoma?
Malignant tumor of the cerebellum
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What is the cure rate of medulloblastoma?
30-40%
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What is the treatment for medulloblastoma?
Surgery/Radiation
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What are the symptoms of medulloblastoma?
- Lack of coordination
- Increased ICT
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Where is a medulloblastoma located?
The brain
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What is the most common malignant CNS tumor of children?
Medulloblastoma
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What is the most common demyelinating disease?
Multiple sclerosis
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what is multiple sclerosis?
- Debilitating demyelinating disease of the brain and spinal cord
- Inflammation/damage to myelin sheath and eventually the nerves
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How many Americans have MS?
400,000
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What is the etiology of Multiple sclerosis?
- Autoimmune
- Viral infections
- Genetic factors
- Environmental factors
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What is the outcome of MS?
Slowed or blocked nerves causing muscle coordination issues
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What are the symptoms of MS?
- Numbness or tingling in face/extremities
- Impaired vision
- Muscle stiffness/spasms
- Weakness
- Poor coordination
- Bladder/Bowel issues
- Forgetfulness
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What is the prognosis of MS?
- Trouble with balance
- Paralysis of limbs
- wheelchair bound in 15-20 years
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How is MS diagnosed?
- MRI features in brain
- CSF shows increased IgG
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What is the treatment for MS?
- Lifestyle changes
- medication
- physical therapy
- mental counseling
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What type of medication are used to treat MS?
Corticosteroids
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What is indicated by increased IgG antibodies in the CSF and Brain lesions?
MS
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