The dartos and cremaster muscles are important to the integrity of the male reproductive system. Which of the following is true about the role they play?
C) They regulate the temperature of the testes.
The ability of sperm cells to move along the ductus deferens is due to ________.
B) peristaltic contractions
The ability of a male to ejaculate is due to the action of ________.
B) the bulbospongiosus muscles
The most important risk for testicular cancer in young males is ________.
B) nondescent of the testes
Which of the following glands are responsible for 60% of the synthesis of semen?
C) the seminal vesicles
Which of the following hormones controls the release of anterior pituitary gonadotropins?
B) GnRH
Development of male reproductive structures depends on which of the following events?
B) secretion of male hormones prenatally and lasting into the first few months after birth
The primary function of the uterus is to ________.
D) receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized ovum
Why is the blood-testis barrier important?
C) because spermatozoa and developing cells produce surface antigens that are recognized as foreign by the immune system
The structures that receive the ovulated oocyte, providing a site for fertilization, are called the ________.
D) fallopian tubes
If gametes were diploid like somatic cells, how many chromosomes would the zygote contain?
A) twice the diploid number, and with every succeeding generation, the chromosome number would continue to double and normal development could not occur
Human egg and sperm are similar in that ________.
B) they have the same number of chromosomes
The constancy of the chromosome number from one cell generation to the next is maintained through ________.
A) meiosis
Fertilization generally occurs in the ________.
D) fallopian tubes
Spermiogenesis involves the ________.
C) formation of a functional sperm by the stripping away of superfluous cytoplasm
All of the following can be considered male secondary sex characteristics except the ________.
C) development of testes as opposed to ovaries
In humans, separation of the cells at the two-cell state following fertilization may lead to the production of twins, which in this case would be ________.
A) identical
Characteristics of the mature sperm include the ________.
D) presence of Y chromosomes in approximately half the sperm
How do the testes respond to exposure to excessive body warmth?
C) They move away from the pelvic cavity.
Effects of estrogen include ________.
B) growth of the breasts at puberty
Secretion of progesterone stimulates ________.
A) preparation of the mammary glands for lactation
Which of the following statements about sperm is not true?
C) The sperm midpiece consists of mitochondria spiraled tightly around the contractile filaments of the tail.
The cells that produce testosterone in the testis are called ________.
C) interstitial cells
The testicular cells that construct the blood-testis barrier are the ________.
B) sustentacular cells
Which of the following occurs as a result of undescended testes?
C) Inadequate or nonviable sperm will be produced.
Erection of the penis results from ________.
C) a parasympathetic reflex
Which is not a part of the proliferative phase of the female menstrual cycle?
B) corpus luteum
Which of the choices below is not a function of the vagina?
C) serves as a passageway for the primary oocyte
Select the correct statement about male sexual response.
B) Erection is the result of vascular spaces in the erectile tissues filling with blood.
Which of the choices below is not a function of testosterone?
C) stimulates mammary gland development
Which male hormone inhibits the secretion of FSH?
D) inhibin
During the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle ________.
C) progesterone levels are at their highest
Select the correct statement about the uterine cycle.
C) If fertilization occurs, the corpus luteum is maintained by a hormone secreted by the developing embryo.
Which of the choices below is not a part of the brain-testicular axis?
B) thalamus
Which of the following statements is true concerning the mammary glands of both males and females?
A) The mammary glands are modified sweat glands that are actually part of the integumentary system.
Normally menstruation occurs when ________.
C) blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease
The basic difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis is that ________.
A) in oogenesis, one mature ovum is produced, and in spermatogenesis four mature sperm are produced from the parent cell
Occasionally three polar bodies are found clinging to the mature ovum. One came from an unequal division of the ovum, but from where did the other two arise?
B) The first polar body has also divided to produce two polar bodies.
Which of the following will occur after ovulation?
D) The endometrium enters its secretory phase.
Why doesn’t semen enter the urinary bladder during ejaculation?
A) The smooth muscle sphincter at the base of the urinary bladder closes.
Spermatogenesis ________.
C) involves a kind of cell division limited to the gametes
Which hormone is absolutely necessary for ovulation to occur?
A) LH
The brain-testicular axis ________.
D) involves FSH and LH release
Select the correct statement about testosterone control.
B) GnRH from the hypothalamus causes FSH and LH release from the anterior pituitary.
Which of the following is a correct statement about uterine tubes?
B) The infundibulum is the funnel-shaped region near the ovary.
Select the correct statement about the hormonal events of the ovarian cycle.
B) High estrogen levels result in a surge of LH release.
Which of these statements about sexually transmitted infections is false?
C) Syphilis is caused by a virus that may lead to death if untreated.
Which of the following statements about spermatogenesis is not true?
C) Each spermatid forms two sperm.
A boy who has not passed through puberty sustains an injury to his anterior pituitary such that FSH is no longer released, but LH is normal. After he grows to maturity, one would expect that he would ________.
B) be sterile
Which of the following statements about the female reproductive process is not true?
B) Rebuilding the endometrium is under the control of prolactin.
A low secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the normal male adult would cause ________.
D) decreased testosterone secretion
All of the following statements referring to the uterine cycle are true except ________.
C) FSH and LH directly promote development of the uterine endometrium
Which of the following phases or processes in the monthly reproductive cycle of the female occur simultaneously?
B) regression of the corpus luteum and a decrease in ovarian progesterone secretion
The duct system of the male reproductive system does not include the ________.
D) corpus spongiosum
An ovulating oocyte is actually activated by hormones about ________ days before ovulation.
A) 85
Prostate cancer is _______.
D) sometimes a slow-growing cancer that may never represent a threat to the patient
The ________ plexus of testicular veins assists in cooling the testis.
pampiniform
Surgical cutting of the ductus deferens as a form of birth control is called a(n) ________.
vasectomy
The erectile tissue around the urethra is the corpus ________.
spongiosum
The midpiece of the sperm tail contains mostly ________.
mitochondria
The ________ cells of the testis nourish the newly formed sperm cells.
sustentacular
The suspensory ligament and mesovarium are part of the ________ ligament.
broad
A follicle with only a small antrum in it would be classified as a(n) ________ follicle.
secondary
The small opening of the uterus that sperm would first enter is called the ________.
external os
The portion of the uterine endometrium that is not sloughed off every month is called the ________.
stratum basalis
________ is caused by Treponema pallidum.
Syphilis
It is necessary for the testes to be kept below body temperature. True or False
True
The prostate atrophies as a man ages, and it usually causes no health problems. True or False
False
The hormone oxytocin combines with enzymes in semen to enhance sperm motility. True or False
False
When a couple is having difficulty conceiving a child, it is necessary to investigate the sperm of the male. True or False
True
The amount of testosterone and sperm produced by the testes is dependent on the influence of FSH alone. True or False
False
Ovarian follicles contain mature eggs. True or False
False
Sexually transmitted diseases are the most important cause of reproductive disorders. True or False
True
Reproduction is not possible in males or females until one year after puberty has begun. True or False
False
Males do not go through menopause as females do, but there is a steady reduction in their testosterone levels. True or False
True
Pain during ovulation is called dysmenorrhea. True or False
False
A human egg or sperm contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. True or False
True
The Pap smear is a test to detect cancerous changes in cells of the cervix. True or False
True
The adenohypophyseal hormone that triggers ovulation is estrogen. True or False
False
The female hormone corresponding to the male ICSH is FSH. True or False
False
The male urethra serves the urinary system only. True or False
False
Both tetrads and crossovers are seen during meiosis. True or False
True
Failure to attain erection is called impotence. True or False
True
Ovulation occurs near the end of the ovarian cycle. True or False
False
The corpus luteum secretes progesterone only. True or False
False
Female orgasm is required for conception. True or False
False
The first sign of puberty in females is budding breasts. True or False
True
The primary function of the testes is to produce testosterone. True or False
False
The stage in meiosis where chromosomal exchange takes place is telophase. True or False
False
The diamond-shaped area between the anus and clitoris in the female is the vulva. True or False
False
The soft mucosal lining of the uterus is the endometrium. True or False
True
A scrotal muscle that contracts in response to cold environmental temperature is the cremaster. True or False
True
The secretions of the bulbourethral glands neutralize traces of acidic urine in the urethra and serve as a lubricant during sexual intercourse. True or False
True
The zona pellucida is formed as the follicle becomes a secondary follicle. True or False
True
The molecule that enhances the ability of testosterone to promote spermatogenesis is inhibin. True or False
